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American Sports Publishing Co 

....' ii„ 21 V^arren Street, New YorK /«'""".,.....,« 




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., MAINTAIN THEIR OWN HOUSES > • 
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Spalding 

^^ COMPLETE LINE OF - 

Athletic Goods 

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Communications directed to a. G. SPALDING & 
of the above addresses, will receive prompt 



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THE SP4LDING TRADE-MARK IS THE 
FOUNDATION Dl= THE SPALDIN&^ 



Spalding's 
Athletic Library 




A. G. Spalding 



Anticipating the present ten- 
dency of the American people 
toward a healthful method of living' 

f"^ and enjoyment, Spalding' s Athletic 

Library was established in 1892 for 
the purpose of encouraging ath- 
letics in every form, not only by 
: publishing the official rules and 
-.,,^- ^ records pertaining to the various 

^»»? ^^' pastimes, but also by instructing, 

_ until to-day Spalding's Athletic 

Library is unique in ita own par- 
ticular field and has been conceded 
the greatest educational series on 
athletic and physical training sub- 
jects tnat has ever been compiled. 
The publication of a distinct 
series of books devoted to athletic 
sports and pastimes and designed 
to occupy the premier place in 
America in its class was an early 
idea of Mr. A. G. Spalding, who 
was one of the first in America 
to publish a handbook devoted to 
athletic sports, Spalding's Official 
Base Ball Guide being the initial 
number, which was followed at intervals with other handbooks on the 
sports prominent in the '70s. ,-•.,» /^ 

Spalding's Athletic Library has had the advice and counsel of Mr. A. G. 
Spalding in all of its undertakings, and particularly in all books devoted 
to the national game. This applies especially to Spaldmg's Official 
Base Ball Guide and Spalding's Official Base Ball Record, both of which 
receive the personal attention of Mr. A. G. Spalding, owing to his early 
connection with the game as the leading pitcher of the champion Boston 
and Chicago teams of 1872-76. His interest does not stop, however, with 
matters pertaining to base ball; there is not a sport that Mr. Spaldingr 
does not make it his business to become familiar with, and that the 
Library will always maintain its premier place, with Mr. Spalding s able 
counsel at hand, goes without saying. , • u j 

The entire series since the issue of the first number has been under 
the direct personal supervision of Mr. James E. Sullivan, President 
of the American Sports Publishing Company, and the total series of 
consecutive numbers reach an aggregate of considerably over three 
hundred, included in which are many "annuals," that really constitute 
the history of their particular sport in America year by year, back copies 
of which are even now eagerly sought for, constituting as they do the 
really first authentic records of events and official rules that have ever 
been consecutively compiled. 

When Spalding's Athletic Library was founded, seventeen years ago, 
track and field athletics were practically unknown outside the larger 
colleges and a few athletic clubs in the leading cities, which gave occa- 
sional meets, when an entry list of 250 competitors was a subject of com- 
ment; golf was known only by a comparatively few persons; lawri tennis 
bad some vogue and base ball was practically the only established field 



EDITORS OF SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY 

sport, and that in a professional way; basket ball had just be'en invented; 
athletics for the schoolboy— and schoolgirl— were almost unknown, and 
an advocate of class contests in athletics in the schools could not get a 
hearing. To-day we find the greatest body of athletes in the world is 
the Public Schools Athletic League of Greater New York, which has had 
an entry list at its annual games of over two thousand, and in whose 
"elementary series" in base ball last year 106 schools competed for the 
trophy emblematic of the championship. 

While Spalding's Athletic Library cannot claim that the rapid growth 
of athletics in this country is due to it solely, the fact cannot be denied 
that the books have had a great deal to do with its encouragement, by 
printing the official rules and instructions for playing the various games 
at a nominal price, within the reach of everyone, with the sole object 
that its series might be complete and the one place where a person 
could look with absolute certainty for the particular book in which he 
might be interested. 

In selecting the editors and writers for the various books, the lead- 
ing authority In his particular line has been obtained, with the result 
that no collection of books on athletic subjects can compare with 
Spalding's Athletic Library for the prominence of the various authors 
and their ability to present their subjects in a thorough and practical 
manner. 

A short sketch of a few of those who have edited some of the lead- 
ing numbers of Spalding's Athletic Library is given herewith : 



JAMES E. SULLIVAN 

President American Sports Publishing Com- 
pany; entered the publishing house of Frank 
Leslie in 1878, and has been connected continu- 
ously with the publishing business since then 
and also as athletic editor of various New 
York papers; was a competing athlete; one of 
the organizers of the Amateur Athletic Union 
of the United States; has been actively on its 
board of governors since its organization until 
the present time, and President for two suc- 
cessive terms; has attended every champion- 
ship meeting in America since 1879 and has officiated in some capacity in 
connection with American amateur championships track and field games 
for nearly twenty-five years; assistant American director Olympic Games, 
Paris, 1900; director Pan-American Exposition athletic department, 1901 ; 
chief department physical culture Louisiana Purchase Exposition, St. 
Louis, 1904; secretary American Committee Olympic Games, at Athens, 
1906; honorary director of Athletics at Jamestown Exposition, 1907; secre- 
tary American Committee Olympic Games, at London, 1908; member of 
the Pastime A. C, New York: honorary member Missouri A. C, St. Louis; 
honorary member Olympic A. C, San Francisco; ex-president Pastime 
A. C, New Jersey A. C, Knickerbocker A. C; president Metropolitan 
Association of the A. A. U. for fifteen years; president Outdoor Recrea- 
tion League; with Dr. Luther H. Gulick organized the Public Schools 
Athletic League of New York, and is now chairman of its games commit- 
tee and member executive committee; was a pioneer in playground work 
and one of the organizers of the Outdoor Recreation League of New York ; 
appointed by President Roosevelt as special commissioner to the Olympic 
Games at Athens, 1906. and decorated by King George L of the Hellenes 
(Greece) for his services in connection with the Olympic Games; ap- 
pointed special commissioner by President Roosevelt to the Olympic 
Games at London, 1908; appointed by Mayor McClellan, 1908, as member 
of the Board of Education of Greater New York. 




EDITORS OF SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY 




WALTER CAMP 

For quarter of a century Mr. Walter Camp 
of Yale has occupied a leading position in col- 
lege athletics. It is immaterial what organiza- 
tion is suggested for college athletics, or for 
the betterment of conditions, insofar as college 
athletics is concerned, Mr. Camp has always^ 
played an important part in its conferences, 
and the great interest in and high plane of 
college sport to-day. are undoubtedly due more 
to Mr. Camp than to any other individual . Mr. 
Camp has probably written more on college 
athletics than any other writer and the leading papers and maga- 
zines of America are always anxious to secure his expert opinion on foot 
ball, track and field athletics, base ball and rowing. Mr. Camp has grown 
up with Yale athletics and is a part of Yale's remarkable athletic system. 
While he has been designated as the "Father of Foot Ball," it is a well 
known fact that during his college career Mr. Camp was regarded as one 
of the best players that ever represented Yale on the base ball field, so 
when we hear of Walter Camp as a foot ball expert we must also remem- 
ber his remarkable knowledge of the game of base ball, of which he is a 
great admirer. Mr. Camp has edited Spalding's Official Foot Ball Guide 
since it was first published, and also the Spalding Athletic Library book 
on How to Play Foot Ball. There is certainly no man in American college 
life better qualified to write for Spalding's Athletic Library than Mr. 
Camp. 



DR. LUTHER HALSEY GULICK 

The leading exponent of physical training 
in America; one who has worked hard to im- 
press the value of physical training in the 
schools; when physical training was combined 
with education at the St. Louis Exposition in 
1904 Dr. Gulick played an important part in 
that congress; he received several awards for 
his good work and had many honors conferred 
upon him; he is the author of a great many 
books on the subject; it was Dr. Gulick, who, 
acting on the suggestion of James E. Sullivan, 
organized the Public Schools Athletic League of Greater New York, and 
was its first Secretary; Dr. Gulick was also for several years Director of 
Physical Training in the public schools of Greater New York, resigning 
the position to assume the Presidency of the Playground Association of 
America. Dr. Gulick is an authority on all subjects pertaining to phys- 
ical training: and the study of the child. 





JOHN B. FOSTER 

Successor to the late Henry Chadwick 
("Father of Base Ball") as editor of Spald- 
ing's Official Base Ball Guide; sporting editor 
of the New York Evening Telegram; has 
been in the newspaper business for many 
years and is recognized throughout America 
as a leading writer on the national game; a 
staunch supporter of organized base ball, 
his pen has always been used for the better- 
ment of the game. 



EDITORS OF SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY 




TIM MURNANE 

Base Ball editor of the Boston Globe and 
President of the New England Leaenie of 
Base Ball Clubs; one of the best known base 
ball men of the country; known from coast 
to coast; is a keen follower of the grame and 
prominent in all its councils; nearly half a 
century ago was one of America's foremost 
players: knows the grame thoroughly and 
writes from the point of view both of player 
and an official. 




HARRY PHILIP BURCHELL 

Sporting editor of the New York Times; 
graduate of the University of Pennsylvania: 
editor of Spalding's Official Lawn Tennis 
Annual; is an authority on the game; follows 
the movements of the players minutely and 
understands not only tennis but all other sub- 
jects that can be classed as athletics; no one 
is better qualified to edit this book than Mr. 
Burchell. 



GEORGE T. HEPBRON 

Former Young Men's Christian Association 
director; for many years an official of the 
Athletic League of Young Men's Christian 
Associations of North America ; was con- 
nected with Dr. Luther H. Gulick in Young 
Man's Christian Association work for over 
twelve years; became identified with basket 
ball when it was in its infancy and has fol- 
lowed it since, being recognized as the lead- 
ing exponent of the official rules; succeeded 
Dr. Gulick as editor of the Official Basket Ball 

Guide and also editor of the Spalding Athletic Library book on How to 

Play Basket Ball. 





JAMES S. MITCHEL 

Former champion weight thrower ; holder 
of numerous records, and is the winner of 
more championships than any other individual 
in the history of sport ; Mr. Mitchel is a close 
student of athletics and well qualified to write 
upon any topic connected with athletic sport ; 
has been for years on the staff of the New 
York Sun. 



EDITORS OF SPALDING' S ATHLETIC LIBRARY 



MICHAEL C. MURPHY 

The world's most famous athletic trainer J 
the champion athletes that he has developed 
for track and field sports, foot ball and base ball 
fields, would run into thousands; he became 
famous when at Yale University and has 
been particularly successful in developing 
what might be termed championship teams; 
his rare good judgment has placed him in an 
enviable position in the athletic world; now 
with the University of Pennsylvania ; dur- 
ing his career has trained only at two col- 
leges and one athletic club, Yale and the 
University of Pennsylvania and Detroit Athletic Club; his most recent 
triumph was that of training the famous American team of athletes 
that swept the field at the Olympic Games of 1©08 at London. 





DR. C. WARD CRAMPTON 

Succeeded Dr. Gulick as director of physical 
training in the schools of Greater New York : 
as secretary of the Public Schools Athletic 
League is at the head of the most remarkable 
organization of its kind in the world; is a 
practical athlete and gymnast himself, and 
has been for years connected with the physi- 
cal training system in the schools of Greater 
New York, having had charge of the Hifirh 
School of Commerce. 




DR. GEORGE J. FISHER 

Has been connected with Y. M. C. A. work 
for many years as physical director at Cincin- 
nati and Brooklyn, where he made such a high 
reputation as organizer that he was chosen to 
succeed Dr. Luther H. Gulick as Secretary of 
the Athletic League of Y. M. C. A.'s of North 
America, when the latter resigned to take 
charge of the physical training in the Public 
Schools of Greater New York. 



DR. GEORGE ORTON 

On athletics, college athletics, particularly 
track and field, foot ball, soccer foot ball, and 
training of the youth, it would be hard to find 
one better qualified than Dr. Orton; has had 
the necessary athletic experience and the 
ability to impart that experience intelligently 
to the youth of the land; for years was the 
American, British and Canadian champion 
runner. 



EDITORS OF SPALDING' S ATHLETIC LIBRARY 








FREDERICK R. TOOMBS 

A well known authority on skating, rowinsr. 
boxing, racquets, and other athletic sports; 
was sporting editor of American Press Asso- 
ciation, New York; dramatic editor; is a law- 
yer and has served several terms as a member 
of Assembly of the Legislature of the State of 
New York; has written several novels and 
historical works. 



R. L. WELCH 

A resident of Chicago; the popularity of 
indoor base ball is chiefly due to his efforts; 
a player himself of no mean ability; a first- 
class organizer; he has followed the game of 
indoor base ball from its inception. 



DR. HENRY S. ANDERSON 

Has been connected with Yale University 
for years and is a recognized authority on 
gymnastics; is admitted to be one of the lead- 
ing authorities in America on gymnastic sub- 
jects; is the author of many books on physical 
training. 



CHARLES M. DANIELS 

Just the man to write an authoritative 
book on swimming; the fastest swimmer the 
world has ever known; member New York 
Athletic Club swimming team and an Olym- 
pic champion at Athens in 1906 and London, 
1908. In his book on Swimming, Champion 
Daniels describes just the methods one must 
use to become an expert swimmer. 

GUSTAVE BOJUS 

Mr. Bojus is most thoroughly qualified to 
write intelligently on all subjects pertaining 
to gymnastics and athletics; in his day one 
of America's most famous amateur athletes; 
has competed successfully in gymnastics and 
many other sports for the New York Turn 
Verein; for twenty years he has been prom- 
inent in teaching gymnastics and athletics; 
was responsible for the famous gymnastic 
championship teams of Columbia University; 
now with the Jersey City biffh schools. 





EDITORS OF SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY 



CHARLES JACOBUS 

Admitted to be the "Father of Roque:" 
one of America's most expert players, win- 
^'"f J]^® Olympic Championship at St. Louis 
i'^H % ^" ^l^^^^ supporter of the game 
and follows it minutely, and much of the 
success of roque is due to his untiring efforts: 
certainly there is no one better qualified to 
write on this subject than Mr. Jacobus. 



DR. E. B. WARMAN 

Well known as a physical training expert: 
was probably one of the first to enter the f^eld 
and IS the author of many books on the sub- 
ject; lectures extensively each year all over 
the country. 



W. J. CROMIE 

Now with the University of Pennsylvania: 
was formerly a Y. M. C. A. physical director: 
a keen student of all gymnastic matters; the 
author of many books on subjects pertaining 
to physical training. 



G. M. MARTIN 

By profession a physical director of the 
Young Men s Christian Association; a close 
student of all things gymnastic, and games 
tor the classes in the gymnasium or clubs. 



PROF. SENAC 

A leader in the fencing world ; has main- 
tained a fencing school in New York for 
years and developed a great many cham- 
pions; understands the science of fencing 
thoroughly and the benefits to be derived 
therefron:!. 






SPALDING ATHLETIC LIBRARY 



^ Giving the Titles of all Spalding Athletic Library Books now 
^^ J fa prmt, grouped for ready reference ^ ^ 



D 



SPALDING OFFICIAL ANNUALS 

No. t Spalding's Official Base Ball Guide 

No. lA Spalding's Official Base Ball Record 

No. 2 Spalding's Official Foot Ball Guide 

No. 2A Spalding's Official Soccer Foot Ball Guide 

No. 3 Spalding's Official Cricket Guide 

No. 4 Spalding's Official Lawn Tennis Annual 

No. 5 Spalding's Official Golf Guide 

No. 6 Spalding's Official Ice Hockey Guide 

No. 7 Spalding's Official Basket Ball Guide 

No. 8 Spalding's Official Bowling Guide 

No. 9 Spalding's Official Indoor Base Ball Guide 

No. 10 Spalding's Official Roller Polo Guide 

No. 12 Spalding's Official Athletic Almanac 



croup I. Base Ball 

No. 1 Spalding's Official Base Ball 
Guide. 

No. lA Official Base Ball Record. 

No. 202 How to Play Base Ball. 

No. 223 How to Bat. 

No. 232 How to Run Bases. 

No. 230 How to Pitch. 

No. 229 How to Catch. 

No. 225 How to Play First Base. 

No. 226 How to Play Second Base. 

No. 227 How to Play Third Base. 

No. 228 How to Play Shortstop. 

No. 224, How to Play the Outfield. 

How to Organize a Base Ball 

Club. [League. 

How to Organize a Base Ball 

u- How to Manage a Base Ball 

****• J Club. 

How toTrain a BaseBallTeam 
How to Captain a Base Ball 
How to Umpire a Game. [Team 
^ Technical Base Ball Terms. 

No. 219 Ready Reckoner of Base Ball 
Percentages. 

BASE BALL AUXILIARIES 
No. 319 Minor League Base Ball Guide 
No. 320 Official Book National League 

of Prof. Base Ball Clubs. 
No. 321 Official Handbook National 

Playground Ball Assn. 

Croop II. Foot Ball 

No. 2 Spalding's Official Foot Ball 

Guide. 
No. 334 Code of the Foot Ball Rules. 
No. 324 How to Play Foot Ball. 
No. 2a Spalding's Official Soccer Foot 

Ball Guide. 
No. 286 How to Play Soccer. 



FOOT BALL AUXILIARY 
No. 332 Spalding's Official Canadian 

Foot Ball Guide. 
No. 335 Spalding's Official Rugby Foot 

Ball Guide. 

Group III. cricket 

No. 3 Spalding's Official Cricket Guide. 
No. 27'7 Cricket and How to Play It 

Group IV. Lawn Tennis 

No. 4 Spalding's Official Lawn Ten- 
nis Annual. 

No. 157 How to Play Lawn Tennis. 

No. 279 Strokes and Science of Lawn 
Tennis. 

Group V. Golf 

No. 5 Spalding's Official Golf Guide 
No. 276 How to Play Golf. 

Group VI. Hocheg 

No. 6 Spalding's Official Ice Hockey 

Guide. 
No. 304 How to Play Ice Hockey. 
No. 154 Field Hockey. 
(Lawn Hockey. 
No. 188 < Parlor Hockey. 
(Garden Hockey. 
No. 180 Ring Hockey, 

HOCKEY AUXILIARY 
No. 256 Official Handbook Ontario 
Hockey Association. 

Group VII. Basket Ball 

No. 7 Spalding's Official Basket 

Ball Guide. 
No. 193 How to Play Basket Ball. 
No. 318 Basket Ball Guide for Women. 

BASKET BALL AUXILIARY 
No. 323 Official Collegiate Basket Ball 

Handbook. 



ANY OF THE ABOVE BOOKS MAILED POSTPAID UPON RECEIPT OF 10 CENTS 



SPALDING ATHUSnC LIBRARY 



Croop Ylll. Bowling 

No. 8 Spalding's Official Bowling 
Guide. 

Group IX. Indoor Base Ball 

No. 9 Spalding's Official Indoor Base 
Ball Guide. 



X. Polo 

Spalding's Official Roller Polo 

Guide. 
Water Polo. 
Equestrian Polo. 

XL Miscellaneous Games 

Lacrosse. 

Official Handbook U. S. Inter- 
collegriate Lacrosse League. 

Archery. 

Croquet. 

Roque. 
[Racquets. 
< Squash-Racquets. 
(Court Tennis. 

Hand Ball, 

Quoits. 

Push Ball. 

Curling. 

Lawn Bowls. 

Lawn Games. 

Children's Games. 

Athletics 

Official Athletic 



Group 

No. 10 

No. 129 
No. 199 

Group 

No. 201 
No. 322 

No. 248 
No. 138 
No. 271 

No. 194 

No. 13 

No. 167 
No. 170 
No. 14 
No. 207 
No. 188 
No. 189 

Group XII. 

No. 12 Spaldiiig's 

Almanac. 
College Athletics. 
All Around Athletics. 
Athletes' Guide. 
Athletic Primer. 
Olympic GamesatAthens,1906 
How to Sprint. 
How to Run 100 Yards. 
Distance and Cross Country 

Running. [Thrower. 

How to Become a Weight 
Official Sporting Rules, [boys. 
Athletic Training for School- 
Marathon Running. 
Schoolyard Athletics. 

ATHLETIC AUXILIARIES 
No. 311 Amateur Athletic Union Offi- 
cial Handbook. [book. 
Intercollegiate Official Hand- 
Y. M. C. A. Official Handbook. 
Public Schools Athletic 
League Official Handbook. 
No. 314 Public Schools Athletic 
League Official Handbook 
— Girls' Branch. 
Official Handbook New York 
Interscholastic Athletic 
Association. 



No. 27 
No. 182 
No. 156 
No. 87 
No. 273 
No. 252 
No. 255 
No. 174 

No. 259 
No, 55 
No. 246 
No. *\7 
No. o31 



No. 316 
No. 302 
No. 313 



Na308 



Group XIII. 



Athletic 
Accomplishments 



No. 177 How to Swim. 

No. 296 Speed Swimming, 

No. 128 How to Row. 

No. 209 How to Become a Skater. 

No. 178 How to Train for Bicycling. 

No. 23 Canoeing. 

No. 282 Roller Skating Guide. 

Group XIV. Manly Sports 

No. 18 Fencing. ( By Breck.) 
Boxing. 

Fencing. ( By Senac.) 
Wrestling. 
How to Wrestle. 
Ground Tumbling. 
Jiu Jitsu. 

How to Swing Indian Clubs. 
Dumb Bell Exercises. 
Indian Clubs and Dumb Bella. 
Medicine Ball Exercises. 
Pulley Weight Exercises. 
How to Punch the Bag. 
Tumbling for Amateurs. 
Professional Wrestling. 

Group XV. Gymnastics 

No. 104 Grading of Gymnastic Exer- 
cises. [Dumb Bell Drills. 
Graded Cal i sthenics and 
Barnjum Bar Bell Drill, 
Indoor and Outdoor Gym- 
nastic Games. 
How to Become a Gymnast. 
Fancy Dumb Bell and March- 
ing Drills. [Apparatus. 
Pyramid Building Without 
Exercises on the Parallel Bars. 
Pyramid Building with 
Wands, Chairs and Ladders 
GYMNASTIC AUXILIARY 
No. 333 Official Handbook I. C. A. A. 
Gymnasts of America. 

Group XVI. Physical Culture 

No. 161 Ten Minutes' Exercise for 

Busy Men. [giene. 

No. 208 Physical Education and Hy- 

No. 149 Scientific Physical Training 

and Care of the Body. 
No. 142 Physical Training Simplified. 
No. 185 Hints on Health. 
No. 213 285 Health Answers. 
No. 238 Muscle Building. [nin^. 

No. 234 School Tactics and Maze Run- 
No. 261 Tensing Exercises, [nasties. 
No. 285 Health by Muscular Gym- 
No. 288 Indigestion Treated by Gym- 
No. 290 Get Well: Keep Well, [nasties. 
No. 325 Twenty-Minute Exercises. 
No. 330 Physical Training for the 
School and Class Room. 



No- 162 
No. 165 
No. 140 
No. 236 
No. 102 
No. 233 
No. 166 
No. 200 
No. 143 
No. 262 
No. 29 
No. 191 
No. 289 
No. 326 



No. 214 

No. 254 
No. 158 

No. 124 
No. 287 

No. 327 
No. 328 
No. 329 



ANY QF THE ABOVE BOOKS IIAILEO pOQTynlfeJJPON RECEIPT OF 10 CENTS 



SMDING ATHLETIC LIBRARY 




Group I. Base Ball 

No. 1— Spaltllns'a Official 
Base Ball Guidv. 

The leading Base Ball 
annual of the country, and 
the official authority of 
the game. Contains the 
official playjnfir rules, with 
an explanatory index of the 
rules compiled by Mr. A. G. 
Spalding: pictures of all 
the teams in the National, 
American and minor leagues : re- 
views of the season; college Base Ball, 
and a great deal of interesting in- 
formation. Price 10 cents. 

Jio. 202— HoTT to I'lar Baae 
J Ball. 

Edited by Tim Muman*. New and 
revised edition. Illustrated with pic- 
tures showing how all the various 
curves and drops are thrown and por- 
trait* of leading players. Price 10 cents. 
No. 223— HoiT to Bat. 

There is no better way of becoming 
• proticient batter than by reading this 
book and practising the directions. 
Numerous illustrations. Price 10 cents. 
No. 232— How to Han the 



This book gives clear and concise 
directions for excelling as a base run- 
ner; tells when to run and when not to 
do so; how and when to slide; team 
work on the bases; in fact. ever.v point 
of the game is thoroughly explained. 
Illustrated. Price 10 cents. 
No. 230— Hov^ to Pitch. 

A new, up-to-date book. Its contents 
are the practical teaching of men who 
have reached the top as pitchers, and 
who know how to impart a knowledge 
of their art All the big leagues' 
pitchers are shown. Price 10 cents. 
No. 229— How to Catch. 

Every boy who has hopes of being a 
clever catcher should read how well- 
known players cover their position. 
Pictures of all the noted catchers in 
the big leagues. Price 10 cents. 

No. a25-How to Play Flr«t 
Baae. 

Illustrated with pictures of all the 
prominent frit basemen. Price lOcents. 
No. 220— How to Play Second 
Baae. 
The ideas of the best second basemen 
have been incorporated in this book for 
the especial benefit of boys who want 
to know the fine points of play at this 
X>oint of the diamond. Price 10 cents. 
No. 227— How to Play Third 
Baae. 
Third base is, in some respects, the 
most important of the infield. All the 
iwints explained. Price 10 cents. 
No. 22S— How to Play Short- 
atop. 
Shortstop is one of the hardest posi- 
tions on. the infield to fill, and quick 
thought and quick action are necessary 
for a player who expects to make good 
as a shortstop. lUus. Price 10 cents. 
No. 224— How to Play the 
Outneld. 
An invaluable guide for the out- 
fielder. Price 10 cents. 
Ho. 231— How to Coach; How 
to Captain n Team} How 
to Manage n Team; Hoiv 
'«o Uiuplrej HoTv to Or- 
iraulae it Leatcaei Tech- 
alaal TArma of Baae Ball. 
Pric* 10 GWt*. 



No 210— Ready Reckoner of 
Base Ball Peroentaurea. 

To supply a demand f.ir a book wliich 
would show the percpntage of clubs 
without recourse to the trduous work of 
figuring, the publisher.' had these tables 
compiled by an expert Price 10 cents. 

B*SE BALL, AUXILIARIES. 
. lA — Spaliling-'a 
Base Bull Record 

Something new in Base Ball. Con- 
tains records of all kinds from the be- 
ginning of the Ni-tional League and 
official averages of all professional or- 
ganizations for past season. 10 cents. 

No. 319— Minor Leaeae Baae 
Ball Guide. 

The minors' own gruide. Edited by 
President T. H. Murnane, of the New 
England League. Price 10 cents. 
No. 32U— Official Handbook 
of the iNutional Leuifiie 
of Profeaaional Baae Bull 
Clubs. 
Contains the Constitution, By-Laws. 
Official Rules. Averages, and schedule 
of the National League for the current 
year, together with list of club officers 
and reports of the annual meetings of 
the League. Price 10 cents. 

No. 3::i— Official Handbook 
National I'laysrountl Ball 
Aaaoctntion. 

This game is specially adapted for 
playgrounds, parks, etc., is spreading 
rapidly. The book contains a descrip- 
tion of the game, rules and officers. 
Price 10 cents. 



Group n. Foot Ball 

No. 2— Siiuldintr'a Official 
Foot Ball Gniile. 

Edited by Walter Camp. 
Contains the new rules, 
with diagram of field; All- 
America teams as selected 
by the leading authorities; 
reviews of the game from 
various sections of the 
country; scores; pictures. 
Price 10 cents. 
No. 334— Code of the Foot 
Ball Rnlea. 
This book is meant for the use of 
Officials, to help them to refresh their 
memories before a game and to afford 
them a quick means of ascertaining a 
point during a game. It also gives a 
ready means of finding a rule in the 
Official Rule Book, and is of great help 
to a player in studying the Rules. 
Compiled by C.W. Short, Harvard, 1908. 
Price 10 cents. \ 

No. 324— How to Play Foot 
Ball. 
Edited by Walter Camp, of Yale. 
Everything that a beginner wants to 
know and many points that an expert 
will be glad to learn. Snapshots of 
leading teams and players in action, 
with comments l>y Walter Camp. 
Price 10 cents. 

No. 2A— Spaldine's Official 
Association Soccer Foot 
Ball Guide. 

A complete and up-to-] 
date guide to the "Soccev" 
game in the United States, 
containing instructions fori 
playing tWfe game, official 
rules, and interesting 
news from all parts of the 
country. Illustrated. Price 





No. 2S0— How to Play.l*** 
cer. 

How each position should be playadL 
written by the best player in England 
in his respective position, and illua» 
trated with full-page photographs of 
players in action. Price 10 cent*. 

FOOT BALL AUXILIARIES. 
No. 33Sg— Spaldlns's Offlclat 
Canadian Foot Bait 
Guide. 

The official book of th« ffune in Gui> 
ada. Price 10 cents. 

Group m. Cricket 

OffloUB 



No. :i— SpalillnK'a 
Cricket Guide. 



The most complete yaar 
book of the game that ha* 
ever been published in 
America. Reirarts of 
special matches, official 
rules and pictures of ail 
the leading teams. PrlM 
10 cents. 



No. 277— Cricket J and HoW 
to Play it. 

By Prince Ranjitsinhji. The gam* 
described concisely and illustrated with 




Group IV. 



No. 



Lawn 
Tennis 

Official 




Contents include reports 
of all important tourna- 
ments; official ranking 
from 1885 to date; law* of 
lawn tennis; instructipns 
for handicapping; deeit 
sions on doubtful points; 
management of touma.^ 

, ments; directory of clubs; 

ia>ingout and keeping a court. Illusi 

trated. Price 10 cents. 

No. 1S7— How to Play Laws 
Tennis. 

A complete description of lawn t«n« 
nis; a lesson for beginners and direc- 
tions telling how to make the most im- 
portant stroke*. Illustrated. Prie» 
10 cent*. 



By P. A. Vaile, a leading authority 
on the game in Great Britain. 'Every 
stroke in the game is accurately illus- 
trated and analyzed by t».e author. 
Price 10 cents. 



Golf 

Official 



Group V. 

No. n— Spnldins's 
Golf Guide. 

Contains records of all 
important tournaments, 
articles on the game in 
various sections of the 
country, pictures of prom- 
inent players, official play- 
ing rules and general 
items of interest. Price 
10 cents. 



No. 27G— How to Play Golt»i 

By James Braid and Harry Vardon. 
the world's two-greatest playere teU 
how they play 'the game, with numea 

ous full-page pittur** cf th ' -" 

•§MMlial(& PriMUMAta^ 




SPALDING ATHLETIC LIBRARY 




Group VI. Hockey 

No. 6— Spalding's Official Ice 
Hockey Guide. 

The official year book of 
the game. Contains the 
officiaj rules, pictures of 
leading teams and players, 
records, review 'of the 
^tSfiM season, reports from dif- 
'-^*^^^^* ferent sections of the 
United States and Canada. 
Price 10 cents. 

Ko."^304— Ho^ to Ploy Ice 
Hockey. 

ConJtains a description of the duties 
of each player. Illustrated. Price 10 
cents. 

IVo- «54— Field Hockey. 

Prominent in the sports at Vassar, 
Smith, Wellesley, Bryn Mawrand other 
leading colleges. Price 10 cents. 

Wo. IHH — Lawn Hockey. 
Parlor Hockey, Garden 
Hockey. 

Containing the rules for each game. 
Illustrated. Price 10 cents. 

No. 180— Rins Hockey. 

A new game for the gymnasium. 
Exciting as basket ball. Price 10 cents. 

HOCKEY AIJX1LI.\RY. 

No. ;{50-0ttlcial Handbook 
of the Ontario Hockey 
Asaoclatton. 

Contains the official rules of the 
Association, constitution, rules of coin- 
petition, list of officers, and pictures of 
leading players. Price 10 cents. 

^ __ Basket 
Group Vn. Ball 

No. 7— Spalding's Utiiciul 
Hasket Uall Guide. 

Edited by George T. 
Hepbron. Contains the 
revised official rules, de- 
cisions on disputed points. 
records of prominent 
teams, reports on the game 
from various parts of the 
country. Illustrated. Price 
10 cents. 

No. 193— How to Ploy Basket 
Boll. 

By G. T. Hepbron, editor of the 
Official Basket Ball Guide. Illustrated 
with scenes of action. Price 10 cents. 

No. 31S-omoinl Banket Ball 
Guide for AVomen. 

Edited by Miss Scnda Berenson. of 
Smith College. Contains the official 
playing rules and special articles on 
the game by prominent authorities. 
Illustrated. Price 10 cents. 

BASKET BALL AUXILIARY 
No. 323— Collecriate Basket 
Ball Handbook. 

The official publication of the Colle. 
eiat* Basket Ball Association. Con- 
tain* the official rules, records. All- 
Amtrica selections, reviewi. and pic- 
tam. Editad by H. A. Fifbnr. tt 




Group VIII. Bowling 

No. S— Spnldina's Official 
Bowline Guide. 

The contents include: I 
diagrams of effective de- 
liveries; hints to begin- 
ners- how to score; official 
rules; spares, how they 
are made: rules for cocked 
hat, quintet, cocked hat 
and feather, battle game, 
etc. Price 10 cents. 



Indoor 
Base Ball 




Group IX. 



No. i>— Spaldintc'n OHieiii 
door Bnxe Ball 

America's national game 
is now vieing with other 
indoor games as a winter 
pastime. This book con- 
tains the playing rules, 
pictures of leading team.<;. 
and interesting articles on 
the game by leading au- 
thorities on the subject- 
Price 10 cents. 




Group X. 



Polo 




No. ID— Sitaldlnft'a 
Official Roller 
I'olo Guide. 

Edited by J. C. Morse. 
A full description of the 
game; official rules, re- 
cords: pictures of promi- 
nent players. Price IC cents 
No. 129— Water Polo. 

The contents of this book treat of 
every detail, the individual work of the 
players, the practice of the team, how 
to throw the ball, with illustrations and 
many valuable hints. Price 10 cents. 
No. iy!>— EqucMtrian Polo. 

Compiled by H. L. Fitzpatrick of the 
New York Sun. Illustrated with por- 
traits of leading players, and contains 
most useful information for polo play- 
ers. Price 10 cents. 

^ ___ Miscellane- 
Group XI. ous Games 

No. 201— LncroH.te. 

Every position is thoroughly 
plained in a most simple and concise 
manner, rendering it the best manual 
of the game ever published. Illus- 
trated with numerous snapshots of im- 
porUnt plays. Price 10 cents 
No. 322— Official Handbook 
t. S. Inter-Colleelate La- 
cros.>«e Lcneiic. 

Contains the constitution, by-laws, 
playing rules, list of officers and records 
of the association. Price 10 cents. 
No. 271— SpnItKiig's Official 
Roque Guide. 

The official publication of the Na- 
tional Koque Association of America. 
Contains a description of the courts 
and their construction, diagrams, illus- 
trations, rules and valuable informa- 
tion. Price 10 cents. 

No. 138— Spalding's Official 
Croquet Guide 

Contains directions foi» playing, dia- 
gramsof important strokes, description 
of grounds, instructions for the begin- 
nir, term* used in the game, and tha 
iiMalPlurliurruiaai. PrioalOctsta. 



No. 248— Archery. 

A new and up-to-date book on thia 
fascinating pastime. The several 
varieties of archery: instructions for 
shooting; how to select implements: 
how to score; and a great deal of inter- 
esting information. Illustrated. Pric« 
to cenU. 

No. 194— Racquets, Sqnash- 
Rncquet!* and Court Ten- 
nis. 

How to play each game is thoroughly 
explained, and all the difficult strokes 
shown by special photogrraphs taken 
especially for this book. Contains the 
official rules for each game. Price 10 
cents. 
No. 1G7— Qnoits. 

Contains a description of the playf 
used by experts and the official rules. 
Illustrated. Price 10 cents. 

No. 170— Pn»h Ball. 

This book contains the official rules 
and a sketch of the game; illustrated. 
Price 10 cents. 

No. 13— How to Play Hand 
Ball. 

By the world's champion, Michaal 
Egan. Every play is thoroughly ex- 
plained by text and diagram. Illus- 
trated. Price 10 cents. 
No. 14— Cur II UK. 

A short history of this famous Scot- 
tish pastime, with instructions for 
play, rules of the game, definitions of 
terms and diagrams of different shots. 
Price 10 cents. 

No. 207— Bowlins on the 
Green; or. Lawn Bowls. 

How to construct a green; how to 
play the game, and the official rules 
of the Scottish Bowling Association. 
Illustrated. Price 10 cents. ^ 
No. 189— Children's Games. 

These games are intended for use at 
recesses, and all but the team games 
have been adapted to large classes. 
Suitable for children from three to 
eightyears, and include a great variety 
Price 10 cents. 
No. ISS— La^vn Games. 

Lawn Hockey, Garden Hockey, Hand 
Tennis, Tether Tennis; also Volley 
Ball, Parlor Hockey, Badminton, Bas- 
ket Goal. Price 10 cents. 

Group xn. Athletics 

No. 12— Spoldinif's Official 
Athletic Almanac. 

Compiled by J. E. Sulli- 
van. President of the Ama- 
teur Athletic Union. The 
only annual publication 
now issued that contains I 
a complete list of amateur | 
best-on-rccords; intercol- 
legiate, swimming, inter- 
scholastic, English, Irish, 
Swedish, Continental, South African. 
Australasian: numerous photos of in- 
dividual athletes and leading athletic 
teams. Price 10 cents. 
No. 27— Colleee Athletics. 

M. C. Murphy, the well-known ath- 
letic trainer, now with Pennsylvania. 
the author of this book, has written it 
especially for the schoolboy and college 
man, but it is invaluable for the athlets 
who wishes to excel in aaybranebof 

athletic sport: profueely * 

Prios M sasta. 




SPALDING ATHLEnC LlBRAlff 



No.i ,182— All-Aronnd Ath- 
idics. 

Give» in full the method of scoring: 
the All-Around Championship; how to 
train for the All-Around Champion- 
ehip. Illustrated. Price 10 cents. 

No. 15«— Athlete's Guide. 

Full instructions for the beginner, 
telling how to sprint, hurdle, jump and 
throw weights, general hints on train- 
ing; valuable advice to beginners and 
important A. A. U. rules and their ex- 
planations, while the pictures comprise 
many scenes of champions in action. 
Price 10 cents. 

No. 273— The Olympic Games 
^at Athens. 

* complete account of the Olympic 
Games of 1906. at Athens, the greatest 
International Athletic Contest ever 
held. Compiled by J. E. Sullivan. 
Special United States Commissioner to 
the Olympic Games. Price 10 cents. 

No. 87— Athletic Prliner. 

Edited by J. E. Sullivan. President 
of the Amateur Athletic Union. Tells 
how to organize an athletic club, how 
to conduct an athletic meeting, and 
gives rules for the government of ath- 
letic meetings; contents also include 
directions for laying out athletic 
grounds, and a very instructive article 
on training. Price 10 cente. 

No. 252— How to Sprint. 

Every athlete who aspires to be a 
sprinter can study this book to advan- 
tage. Price 10 cents. 

No. 255— How to Ran 100 
Yards. 

By J. W. Morton, the noted British 
champion. Many of Mr. Morton's 
methods of training are novel to 
American athletei. but his success is 
the best tribute to their worth. Illus- 
trated. Price 10 cents. 

No. 174— Distance and Cross- 
Country Rnnnlne. 

^'y George Orton, the famous Uni- 
versity of Pennsylvania runner. The 
quarter, half, mile, the longer dis- 
tances, and cross-country running and 
steeplechasing. with instructions for 
training; pictures of leading athletes 
hi action, with comments by the editor. 
Price 10 cents. 

No. 259— liVeleht Throtvlngr. 

Probably no other man in the world 
has had the vaxied and long experience 
of James S. Mitchel, the author, in the 
weight throwing department of ath- 
letics. The book gives valuable infor- 
mation not only for the novice, but for 
ttie expert as well. Price 10 cents. 

Mo. 246— Athletic Tralnlne 
<or Schoolboys. 

By Geo. W. Orton. Each event in the 
Intercollegiate programme is treated 
©f separately. Price 10 cents. 

fro. ^o3— Official Sportlns 
Rales. 

Contains rules not found in other 
publications for the government of 
many sports; rules for wrestling, 
shuffleboard, snowshocing. profes- 
sional racing, pigeon shooting, dog 
racing, pistol and revolver shooting, 
British watar.polo rules. Bugby foot 
iMkUndM. PiUalO^mnUk 



ATHLETIC Al/XILIARIKS- 
No. 311— Official Handbook 
of the A.A.V. 

The A. A. U. is the governing body 
of athletes in the United States of 
America, and all games must be held 
under its rules, which are exclusively 
published in this handbook, and a copy 
should be in the hands of every athlete 
and every club officer in America. 
Also includes a very interesting article 
The Growth of American Ath- 
letics." and a short biography of each 
member of the Board of Governors. 
Price 10 cents. 

No. 31(J— Official Intercolle- 
Blnte A.A.A.A. Handbook. 

Contains constitution, by-laws, and 
laws of athletics; records from 1876 to 
date. Price 10 cents. , 

Ko. 308— Official Handbook 
fieyv York Interachol- 
aNtic Athletic Associa- 
tion. 

Contains the Association's records, 
constitution and by-laws and other 
information. Price 10 cents. 

No. 302— Official Y.M.C.A. 
Handbook. 

Contains the official ru^■.;3 governing 
all sports under the jurisdiction of the 
Y. K. C. A., official Y. M. C. A. scoring 
tables, pentathlon rules, pictures of 
leading Y. M. C. A athletes. Price 
10 cents. 

No. 313— Official Handbook 
of the Public Schools 
Athletic Leaeue. 

Edited by Dr. C. Ward Orampton, 
director of physical education in the 
Public Schools of Greater New York. 
Illustrated. Price 10 cents. 

No. 314— Official Handbook 
Glrl-s' Branch of tlie 
Public Schools Athletic 
LeaKue. 

The official publication. Contains : 
constitution and by-laws, list of offi- 
cers, donors, founders, life and annual 
members, reports and illuotrations. 
Price 10 cents. 



No. 331— Schoolyard Ath- 
letics. 

By J. E. Sullivan. President Amateur 
Athletic Union and member of Board 
of Education of Greater New York. An 
invaluable handbook for the teacher 
and the pupil. Gives a systematic 
plan for conducting school athletic con- 
tests and instructs how to prepare for 
the various events. lUustvated. Price 
10 cents. 

No. 317— 'Maratlion HnnninK. 

A new and up-to-date book on this 
popular pastime. Contains pictures 
of the leading Marathon runners, 
methods of training, and best times 
made in various Marathon events. 
Price 10 cents. 



Group Xin. Athletic 
Accomplishments 

No. 177— How to Swim. 

Will interest the expert as well as 
the novice; the illustrations were made 
from photographs especially posed, 
showing the swimmer in clear water; 
a valuable feature is the series of 
"land drill " •xcrctJM tor th« bogQion 

PrtMW«Mtab 



No. 128— How to Row. ^ 

By E. J. Giannini, of the New York 
Athletic Club, one of America s most 
famous amateur oarsmen and cham- 
pions. Shows how to hold the oars, 
the finish of the stroke and other valu- 
able information. Price 10 cento. 
No. 2»«— Speed Swimmlnaf. 

By Champion C. M. Daniels of the 
New York Athletic Club team, holder 
of numerous American records, and the 
best swimmer in America qualiAed to 
write on the subject. Any boy should 
be able to increase his speed in the 
water after reading Champion Daniels 
instructions on the subject. Price 10 
cento. 
No. 23— Canoeing. 

Paddling, sailing, cruising and rac- 
ing canoes and their uses; with hints 
on rig and management; the choice of 
a canoe; -sailing canoes, racing regula- 
tions; canoeing and camping. Fully 
illustrated. Price 10 cenU. 



Contoins advice for begrinners; how 
to become a figure skater, showing how 
to do all the different tricks of the beat 
figure skaters. Pictures of prominent 
skaters and numerous diagrams. Pries 
10 cents. 

No. 282— Official Roller Skat- 
ing Guide. 

Directions for becoming a fancy and 
trick roller skater, and rules for poller 
skating. Pictures of prominent trick 
skaters in action. Price 10 cento. 

No. 17S— How to Train for 
DIcycIins. ^ 

Gives methods of the best riders 
when training for long or shortdistancs 
races; hints on training. Revised and 
up-to-date in every particular. Pries 
10 cents. 

Group XIV. SI 

No. 140— Wreatllnsr. 

Catch-as-catch-can style. Seventy 
illustrations of the different holds, pho- 
tographed especially and so described 
that anybody can with little effort Isarv 
every one. Price 10 cento. 

No. 18— Fencing. 

By Dr. Edward Breck. of Boston 
editor of The Swordsman, a promi<^ 
nent amateur fencer. A book that has 
stood thetestof time, andisunivaraally 
acknowledged to be a stondard work. 
Illustrated. Price 10 cento. 
No. 1G2— Boxinff Guide. 

Contoins over 70 pages of illustrations 
showing all the latest blows, posed 
especially for this book under the super- 
vision of a well-known instructor of 
boxing, who makes a siiecialty of teach- 
ing and knows how to impart his 
knowledge. Price 10 cents. 

No. 1«5— The Art of Fendnv 

By Regis and Louis Senac, of New 
York, famous instructors and leading 
authorities on the subject Gives in 
detoil how every move should be made. 
Price 10 cents. 

No. 23ft— How to IVrcatle.- 

The most complete and up-to-dat« 
book on wrestling ever published. 
Edited by F. R. Toombs, and davot«d 
principally to spm^ial posssand illustrs' 



SPALDING ATHLETIC LIBRARY 



N0«#l02— Gronnd Tambllns. 

Any boy. by reading this book and 
following the instructions, can become 
proficient. Price 10 cents. 
No. :£Ht>— Torn b line (or Ama- 



Specially compiled for amateun by 
Dr.JamesT. Gwathmey. Every variety 
of the pastime explained by text and 
pictures, over IW) different i>08itions 
being shown. Price 10 cents. 

Ifo. lUl— How to Punch the 
BnK. 

The best treatise on bag punching 
that has ever been printed. Every va- 
riety of blow used in training is shown 
and explained, with a chapter on fancy 
bag punching by a well-known theatri- 
cal bag puncher. Price 10 cents. 

No. 143— Indian Clnbs and 
^ Damb-Bella. 

Tly America's amateurchampion club 
■winger, J. H. Dougherty. It is clearly 
illustrated, by which any novice can 
become an expert. Price 10 cents. 

No. 2UO— Damb-B«lla. 

The best work on dumb-bells that 
has ever been offered. By Prof. G. 
Bojus, of New York. CdnUins 200 
photographs. Should be in the hands 
of every teacher and pupil of physical 
culture, and is invaluable for home 
•xercise. Price 10 cents. 

No. 2G2— Medicine Ball Ex- 
erciaea. 

A series of plain and practical exer 
cisea with the medicine ball, suitable 
for boys and girls, business and profes- 
sional men. in and out of gymnasium. 
Price 10 cents. 

No. 20-Palley Welffht Exer- 
cinea. 

^y Dr. Henry S. Anderson, instructor 
In heavy gymnastics Yale gymnasium. 
In conjunction with a chest machine 
anyone with this book can become 
perfectly developed. Price 10 cents. 

No. 233— Jin Jltaa. 

Each move thoroughly explained and 
illustrated with numerous full-page 
pictures of Messrs. A. Minami and K. 
Koyama, two of the most famous ex- 
ponents of the art of Jiu Jilsu. who 
posed especially for this book. Price 
to cents. 

No. 160— How to Swlnc In- 
dian Cluba. 

By Prof. E. B. Warman. By follow- 
ing the directions carefully anyone can 
become an expert. Price 10 cents. 

No. 320— Profexaional Wreat- 
Ung. 

A book devoted to the catch-as-catch- 
can style; illustrated with half-tone 
pictures showing the different holds 
used by Frank Gotch, champion catch- 
as-catch-can wrestler of the world. 
Posed by Dr. Roller and Charles Postl. 
By Ed. W. Smith. Sporting Editor of 
the Chicago American. Price 10 cents. 

Group XV. Gymnastics 

n*. 104— The Grading of 
Oymnaatic Exerciaea. 

By G. M. Martin. A book that should 
in tha hands of every physical dirce- 
•( tha Y^^M. C. A., achael. «l«b. «*l' 



bainthah 
iproftha 



No. 214— Graded Callathen- 
Ica and Dumb-Bell Drilla. 

For years it has been the custom in 
most gymnasiums of memorizing a set 
drill, which was never varied. Conse- 
quently the beginner was given the 
same kind and amount as the older 
member. With a view to giving uni- 
formity the present treatise is at- 
tempted. Price 10 cents. 

No. 254— Barnjum Bar Bell 
Drill. 

Edited by Dr. R. Tait McKenzie, 
Director Physical Training. University 
of Pennsylvania, Profusely illustrated. 
Price 10 cents. 

No. 158— Indoor and Outdoor 
Gyninaatic Gamea. 

A book that will prove valuable to in- 
door and outdoor gymnasiums, schools, 
outings and gatherings where there 
are a number to be amused. Price 10 
cents. 

No. 124— How td Become a 
Gymnnat. 

By Robert Stoll. of the New York 
A. C, the American champion on the 
flying rings from 1885 to 1892. Any boy 
can easily become proficient with a 
little practice. Price 10 cenU. 

Xo. 287— Fancy Dumb Bell 
and Marcliini; Drilln. 

All concede that games and recreative ] 
exercises during the adolescent period 
are preferable tosctdrillsand monoton- 
ous movements. These drills, while de- 
signed primarily for boys, can be used 
successfully with girls and men and 
women. Profusely illustrated. Price 
10 cents. 

No. :t27— Pyramid Bnildlne 
Without .\pi>nratua. 

By W. J. Cromie. Instructor of 
Gymnastics. University of Pennsyl- 
vania. WKh illustrations showing 
many different combinations. This 
book should be in the hands of all gym- 
nasium instructors. Price 10 CenU. 

No. 32»— Exerciaea on the 
Parallel Uura. 

By W. J. Cromie. Every gymnast 
should procure a copy of this book. 
Illustrated with cuts showing many 
novel exercises. Price 10 cents. 

No. :{2}»— Pyramid BuildinR 
with (Jhaira» AVanda and 
Liuddera. 

By W. J. Cromie. Illustrated with 
half-tone photopraphs showing many 
interesting combinations. Price 10 
cents. 

GYMNASTIC AUXILIARY. 
No. 333 — Oflflclal Handbool^ 

Inter^CoIIeeiate Aaaocia- 

tion Amateur Gymnaata 

of America. 
Edited by P. R. Carpenter, Physical 
Director Amherst College. Contains 
pictures of leading teams and individual 
champions, official rules governing con- 
tests, records. Price 10 cents. 

_____ Physical 
Group XVI. Culture 

No. 101— Ten Minntea' Exer* 
ciae (or Baay Men. 

By Dr. Luther Halse/ Gulick, Direc- 
tor of Physical Trainmg in the New 
York Public Schools. A c«|ici«« 4ad 
eomplat* wuM 9t »hrri«a WvMtfMk 



No. 208— Phyaical Edncation 
and HyRiene. 

This is the fifth of thfi Physical 
Training series, by Prof. E. B. Warman 
(see Nos. 142. 149, 166, 185, 213,261, 290.) 
Price 10 cents. 

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Champion of the United States. 



HOW TO PLAY 

LAWN TENNIS 



Containing Practical Instruction from an 

Expert on Making Lawn Tennis 

Strokes. Brief Description 

and History of the 

Game 

and other useful information 



PUBLISHED BY THE 

AMERICAN SPORTS PUBLISHING COMPANY, 

21 WARREN STREET, NEW YORK. 






Copyright. 1910 

BY 

American Sports Publishing Compakt 
New York 



©CU2682J 



CONTENTS 

PAGE 

General Description of Lawn Tennis 5 

A Brief History of the Game il_ 

A First Lesson for Beginners 2^ 

How to Make the Most Important Strokes : 

L— The Service 37 

n. — The Ground Stroke « 41 

HL-The Volley and Half- Volley .... 45 

IV. -The Lob 47 

The American Twist Service 49 

How to Build and Keep a Court 52 

New Thoughts on Training and Diet 61 

What to Use for Lawn Tennis 64 



How to Play Lawn Tennis 



General Description of Lawn Tennis. 

Lawn tennis is played by two, three or four people (though 
very seldom by three) on a smooth stretch of ground called a 
court. The playing surface of this court is 27 feet (for singles), 
or 36 feet (for doubles) in width and 78 feet in length, and it is 
laid out on a level surface of grass or turf, or occasion- 
ally on a board floor under a covered roof in winter. The court 
is marked out with white lines on the ground indicating the 
boundaries, and the space is divided in two by a net three feet in 
height stretched across the centre from side to side. 

Each player is armed with a racket, which is a wooden frame 
about a foot long and eight inches wide, the oval open space 
being covered with a fine network of catgut strings, and the 
frame supplied with a handle about 15 inches long. With this 
racket the players strike a ball 2^ inches in diameter, of rubber 
filled with compressed air and covered with felt. 

This ball is knocked from one side of the net to the other 
back and forth until one side misses it — that is, fails to hit it 
at all, or knocks it into the net, or out of the court. Either side 
scores a point when the opponent fails to return the ball into 
his court. The object of the game, therefore, is to knock the 
ball into the opponent's court so that he cannot return it. 

The first player to hit the ball is called the server (he is 
chosen by lot) and he throws the ball up into the air and 
knocks it over the net and into the court on the opposite side. 
After this service is delivered, each side must strike t,V>c ball in 
turn, hitting it either before it touches the grouted ^a volley) 
or after it has bounded only once. It is against the rule to 



How to Play Lawn Tennis 7 

'•olley in returning the service, but after this second stroke of 
(ach point, it is optional with the players whether they volley 
or return the ball on the first bounce. 

The method of scoring is simple. The first point won for 
either side counts 15, and if each side should win one of the 
two first points, the score becomes 15 — all, "all" meaning "even" 
in every case. The server's score is always called first and the 
first point therefore makes the score 15 — love, or love — 15 (ac- 
cording to whether the server or his opponent wins the first 
point). "Love" means nothing in tennis scoring. The second 
point for either side is 30 and the third 40. If the server wins 
the first two strokes, the score is 30 — love ; if won by the oppon- 
ent, it is love — 30; if each has won a point, the third count then 
makes the score 30 — 15, or 15 — 30, according to whether the 
server or his opponent is ahead. Thirty-all follows when each 
side has won two points ; 40 — 30 or 30 — 40 when one side has 
two and the other side three. 

Either side wins a game when it has scored four points, un- 
less each side wins three points, which would make the score 
40 — all, but which is called "deuce" instead. Here lies the only 
intricacy in the method of scoring. When both sides are tied 
at 40, or three points each, the score is deuce, and one side must 
win two more strokes than the other from this point in order to< 
win the game — in other words, if the score once gets even at 40,, 
neither side can win by a single point. From deuce, the score 
becomes "vantage-in" or "vantage-out," according to whether the 
server or his opponent is ahead (the server is always "in" and 
the opponent "out"). With vantage in his favor, either side 
can win the game by capturing the next point, but if it goes to 
the other side, the score returns to deuce again, and so on in- 
definitely until one side or the other has won two points in suc- 
cession from deuce. 

When a game has been won. the other side becomes the server, 
the service alternating with the games. The score by games 
is called with the server's score first, or sometimes in matches 
with the side that is ahead first. When the games are even, the 
score is called at i — all, 2^-all, 3— all or 4 — all as, the case may 




McLoughlin vs. Brookes. 




Wilding vs. Long. 
DAVIS CUP MATCHES AT SYDNEY. 



How to Play Lawn Tennis [ 

be, but if it is even at 5 — all, then deuce and vantage games 
are played just as in points during the games. Five — all is 
deuce and from this point it is necessary for one side or the 
other to win two games in succession to take the set, that is, 
as in the games, the set cannot be won by a majority of one, 
the winner must score at least two or more games than the loser. 
Most matches are the best two in three sets, although some 
championship matches are the best three in five sets. 

The server must always strike the ball in the air before it 
touches the ground, but the opponent, who is known technically 
as the striker-out, is not allowed to strike the ball when first 
served until after it has bounded once. After these first two 
strokes, one from either side, the ball is always in play until 
one side or the other fails to return the ball properly and the op- 
ponent then scores a point. Either player, after the first stroke 
from either side, may play the ball before it has touched the 
ground, which is called a volley, or after it has struck and 
bounded once. If it is allowed to touch the ground a second 
time, the point is lost. 

A drive is a fast hard stroke played underhand from the back 
of the court, and a smash is an overhand volley played very 
hard and fast to "kill" the ball by the speed of the stroke. A 
lob is a ball knocked up into the air to pass over an opponent's 
head, when he is at the net. or to gain time. To cut the ball 
is to strike it sideways, so that it twists rapidly on its own axis, 
like a billiard ball with "English," which makes it bound crooked. 




\\ ilding \s. McLoughlin, 

Brookes vs. Long. 

DAVIS CUP MATCHES AT SYDNEY. 



How to Play Lawn Tennis 



A. Brief History of the Game. 

Lawn tennis is essentially a modern game, for its origin dates 
back less than forty years. Its genealogy is rather obsn're. n"'l 
the best authorities disagree as to its direct parentage. The first 
record of any such game in Europe, however, occurs in the 
Middle ages, when a crude form of tennis was the favorite sport 
of the Italian and French feudal kings and nobles. The French 
seem to have borrowed the game from the Italians, and they 
called it la longue paumc ; in Italy it was known under the name 
of pallone. 

This French game was played with a cork ball, which was 
originally struck with the hand over a bank of earth, which 
served the same purpose as our modern net. Soon a crude racket 
with wooden frame and handle and gut strings was substituted, 
and in this form the game was introduced into England and 
flourished there for many years. 

Major Walter C. Wingfield, of the British army, is popularly 
credited with the invention of lawn tennis, as we know it, for 
he patented the game in 1874. His original game was played 
on a court shaped like an hour-glass, 60 feet in length and 30 feet 
in width at the base-lines. In the center was stretched a net 
21 feet wide and 7 feet high at its sides, which sagged to 4 feet 
8 inches in the centre. The old method of racquet scoring was 
used, and the server was required to stand within a marked 
space in the middle of his court. 

In March, 1875, the first regular laws for the game were formu- 
lated by the Marylebone Cricket Club, of Lord's. The club's 
committee selected the name of lawn tennis, and promulgated a 
new set of rules that were accepted by Major Wingfield and a 
large majority of those who had taken up the new game. They 
set the length of the court at 78 feet, and there it has remained 
to this day ; but they still preserved the hour-glass form, and the 
breadth required by their first rules was 30 feet at the base-lines 



How to Play Lawn Tennis I3 

and 24 feet at the net. The net was set at 4 feet high in the 
centre and 5 feet at the posts, and the service-Hne at 26 feet fcom 
the net. The racquet system of scoring, with one or two minor 
alterations, was also preserved. 

At the urgent suggestion of Henry Jones, who afterward be- 
came famous as the "Cavendish" of whist, the All-English 
Croquet Club, whose grounds at Wimbledon have since become 
famous the world over, opened its lawns to lawn tennis in 1875, 
and so popular did the game become that an All-England cham- 

^pionship meeting — the first of the series which has represented 
the amateur championship of England — was held in July, 1877, 
the name of the club being then changed to the All-England 
Croquet and Lawn Tennis Club. This first tournament was 
eminently successful, and the All-England club assumed control 
of the new game. By common consent its decisions were uni- 
versally respected In 1883 an attempt was made to form a 
National Association, but as the All-England Club declined to 
enter into the project, it was a failure, and in its place an annual 
meeting of club secretaries was held under the auspices of the 
All-England Club, for the purpose of legislation, until 1888, when 
the present English Lawn Tennis Association was formed as a 
national body to govern the sport. The authority of this organi- 
zation has never since been questioned, and its decisions have 
been accepted throughout the continent and British colonies. The 
only part of the world where separate laws are made is the United 

- States, and even here the English rules and changes are carefully 
considered before any alteration is made. 

Major Wingfield's crude lawn tennis game first made its ap- 
pearance in America in 1874, the same year it came out in 
England. A Bostonian, who was traveling abroad, brought home 
a set of Wingfield's rules and implements for the game, and a 
court was laid out at his country home at Nahant, a seaside 
resort near Boston. Another court made its appearance at New- 
port the following spring, and the Staten Island Cricket and 
Base Ball Club, near New York, also took up the game in 1875. 
At Philadelphia, too, the game was introduced at the Young 
America Cricket Club's grounds, and soon grew popular. 



How to Play Lawn Tennis 15 

During the first few years of its American existence lawn tennis 
was played under widely varying conditions, but the distance 
between the points of play being too great to let these differences 
become "apparent until open tournaments were held. The nets 
hung at different heights, the courts varied somewhat in size, 
and the balls differed materially both as to size and weight. Local 
tournaments were held at Newport, Boston, Philadelphia and 
Staten Island, but it was not until 1880 when James Dwight and 
Richard D. Sears, of Boston, who were afterward so famous in 
lawn tennis, played at Staten Island and Philadelphia, that the 
full importance of this confusion became apparent. 

The following spring in May, 1881, a meeting was held in 
New York, and the present United States National Lawn Tennis 
Association was formed. The English rules, as then in vogue, 
were adopted afmo,«t in their entirety and the English champion- 
ship balls were also accepted as official for all American tourna- 
ments. It was decided shortly afterward to hold an annual 
championship tournament at the Newport Casino, and a series 
was started that has since been continued regularly every year, 
becoming second in importance only to the Wimbledon event. 

Dwight and Sears were distinctly superior to all other players in 
America during this early period, and their only dangerous rivals 
for several years were the Clark brothers, of Philadelphia. But 
the game spread very rapidly in American soil, and new courts 
and new players sprang up on every hand, although Sears man- 
aged to retain his title as champion for seven successive years. 
During this time, the play developed rapidly and the skill of the 
players increased with wonderful speed, but Sears kept place 
with all improvements and managed to keep well ahead of all his 
rivals until an injury to his shoulder made it difficult for him to 
play, and he retired on his laurels unbeaten. 

During the first seven years of American lawn tennis, R, D. 
Sears was invincible. The first three seasons he played through 
each tournament at Newport, and each season won the champion- 
ship wifhout the loss of a set. In 1884 the present system of 
barring/ the champion out of the all-comers' tournament was 
adopte4 and Sears successfully defended his title against the 



How to Play Lawn Tennis 17 

challenge of H. A. Taylor, who was the first challenger for the 
American championship. Sears beat Taylor rather easily by 
three sets to one, and the following year he repeated his success 
over C. M. Brinley, who was the challenger for 1885. 

In i8§6 R. L. Beeckman won the Newport tournament and 
challenged in turn for the championship title. Again was Sears 
invincible, Beeckman meeting the same fate as both of his 
predecessors, although he forced the champion to the first close 
match he played at Newport. A year later H. W. Slocum, Jr., 
challenged for the title, and he was badly beaten by Sears in 
straight sets, although he had beaten all of the other leading 
players of the country in the all-comers' tournament. 

Sears's reign ended in 1888, when he voluntarily relinquished 
his claim to the American championship. He had injured his 
shoulder and neck somewhat and was forced to give up severe 
play. Slocum won the Newport tournament again and took the 
championship by default in Sears's absence. This began the 
second era in American championship tournaments. Slocum's 
"tenure of office" lasted only two years. In 1889 Q. A. Shaw, Jr., 
won the all-comers' tournament at Newport, and was beaten three 
sets to one by Slocum in the challenge round, but a year later 
O. S. Campbell, who had been runner-up to Shaw the year before, 
earned the right to challenge the champion and managed to wrest 
the championship title from him by three sets to one 

Campbell's successful innovation of extreme net play was the 
first of many experimental stages American players had yet to 
go through. He cultivated volleying far beyond his ground- 
strokes, yet his methods were startlingly successful at home, 
and he proved invincible for three years. In 1891 Clarence 
Hobart challenged him for the championship, and was beaten in 
". five-set challenge match, and the following year F. H. Hovey, 
of Boston, met a similar fate, although only four sets were re- 
quired this time to settle the question of supremacy. 

The following sui-amer R. D. Wrenn won the all-comers' tour- 
nament, beating Hovey unexpectedly in the finals, but before the 
challenge match could be played, Campbell announced his retire- 
ment, so the championship passed into Wrenn's hands by de- 



How to Play Lawn Teunis i<^ 

fault. Wrenn was another volleyer, but with a good command 
also of ground-strokes, and the modern era in America then 
began with Wrenn's advent in 1893, but his style was not fully 
appreciated until the following year, when M. F. Goodbody, the 
visiting Irish expert, went through the Newport all-comers' 
tournament, beating three of the crack American players, Hovey, 
Hobart and Larned, by superior steadiness. When Goodbody 
challenged Wrenn, however, it was a different story, and the 
persistent methods of the American champion showed his style 
of net play to be a distinct advance over the former American 
school. 

Hovey had learned the lesson of steadiness better than others 
by the time the next tournament came around, winning the New- 
port tournament with the loss of only one set, and then chal- 
lenged Wrenn and beat him in straight sets for the champion- 
ship. 

In 1897, the season was made memorable by the visit to Ameri- 
can courts of a team of British players composed of W. V. 
Eaves, H. S. Mahony and H. A. Nisbet. They were beaten in 
the international tournaments held at Hoboken, N. J., and Chi' 
cago, 111., and also in an open event at Longwood, Mass., be- 
fore the championship meeting at Newport. Here Eaves beat 
Nisbet In the finals and Mahony was retired in an earlier round 
by M. D. Whitman. Again was Wrenn, the champion, called on 
to defend the national honors against a challenging Englishman 
and again he succeeded in defeating the foreigner. 

A year later, the war with Spain broke out and both Wrenn 
and Larned were among the volunteers who went to the front 
in Cuba. In their absence, the younger generation of Ameri- 
can experts had matters very much their own way, and M. D. 
Whitman loomed up out of the group as the steadiest and in 
many respects the cleverest. He won the Newport tournament 
after one or two close matches and so fell heir to the cham- 
pionship title in the absence of Wrenn. The new champion made 
a wonderful record during 1898, 1899 and 1900, playing steadily 
through all of the most important American and Canadian tour- 




I, N. W. Nile? and (2) A. S. Dabney, Jr., Winners Eastern Doubles Cham- 
pionship. W. C. Grant and (3) T. R. Pell, Winners Southern Doubles 
championship. 



How to Play Lawn Tennis 21 

naments during the three seasons, and losing three matches the 
first year, none the second and only one the third. 

The season of 1899 was Whitman's most remarkable one, for 
he not only did not lose a single match, but was not once forced 
close in tournament play. With unbroken success he defended 
all of the many challenge cups he had won the previous year, and 
when he came to defend his championship title he was considered 
invincible. 

The season of 1900 was made notable by the first officially 
recognized international matches in the sport. Through the 
generosity of D. F. Davis, an International Challenge Cup was 
offered and a challenging team was sent to America to try for 
the new trophy. This was composed of A. W. Gore, E. D. 
Black and H. R. Barrett, Black being a Scotchman and the other 
two English. The international matches took place at Longwood, 
Mass., the first week in August. The American team won the 
first three matches played, giving them the victory before the 
last two matches of the series were finished. 

Two of the foreigners. Gore and Black, were also entered for 
the championship event at Newport, but made a poor showing 
there. W. A. Earned had an easy road to the finals, winning the 
all-comers' and challenging Champion Whitman. Again the 
champion proved invincible and although Larned's brilliancy car- 
ried off the second set in fine style, his spasmodic attack finally 
broke down before Whitman's wonderful defence and the cham- 
pion retained his honors without great difficulty. 

This, his third successive victory, gave him possession of the 
fourth American championship challenge cup, its predecessors 
having been captured by Sears, Campbell and Wrenn. 

The following year, 1901, witnessed Larned's triumph in 
taking the championship, for which he had played many years. 
He came through the tournament, meeting Beals C. Wright in 
the final, and then upon the default of Champion Whitman, the 
first holding of the newly offered cup went to Earned. In the 
same tournament, Holcbmbe Ward and Dwight F. Davis won 
the doubles honors for the third consecutive year and became 




BEALS C. Wiau:. 



How io Play Lawn Tennis 23 

the possessors of the twin cups presented by Col. John Jacob 
Astor, the most valuable trophies ever offered in the sport. 

After the lapse of a year, the English again tried for the Davis 
International Cup, In 1902, the team being composed of the 
most famous exponents of the game in England, Reginald F. 
Doherty and Hugh Lawrence Doherty, while the third player of 
the team was Dr. Joshua Pim. The matches were played on the 
courts of the Crescent Athletic Club, at Bay Ridge, N. Y., the 
Americans successfully defending the trophy by winning three of 
the five matches. In the singles. Earned lost to R. F. Doherty, 
after having him two-love on sets, when the contest was stopped 
and delayed until the next day by a thunderstorm. Whitman in 
his matches defeated Dr. Pim and R. F. Doherty, while in the 
doubles. Ward and Davis were defeated by the Doherty brothers. 
This last contest was witnessed by thirteen thousand spectators, 
the largest number ever assembled about a tennis court in the 
world. In the national championships at Newport, R. F. Do- 
herty came through the tournament a winner, defeating Whit- 
man in the final, but being unable to win the title from Earned. 

The season of 1903 proved a disastrous one for the Americans, 
and the Britons made a complete sweep of the courts. Playing 
both the singles and doubles alone, although H. S. Mahony 
accompanied them, the Doherty brothers won the International 
Cup on the courts at Eongwood, Boston, by four matches out of 
five. The American win was a default to Earned by R. F. 
Doherty after he had injured his shoulder. Robert D. Wrenn, 
playing in the singles with Earned, was defeated, and paired with 
his brother, George E. Wrenn, Jr., they went down rather easily 
before the British pair. As the Dohertys had won the Eastern 
doubles the year previous and the national championship In that 
event, they defended that honor successfully and also took the 
singles by the defeat of Earned by H. E. Doherty, who won the 
tournament after meeting W. J. Clothier in the final. 

No American challenge for the lost cup was made In 1904. 
The championship In singles went to Holcombe Ward by the 
'iefault of H. L. Doherty, after Ward had defeated Clothier in 



How to Play Lawn Tennis 2$ 

the final of the tournament. A new pair also came to the front 
in doubles, as Ward paired with Beals C. Wright, and gained 
the title by the defeat of Kriegh Collins and Raymond D. Little, 
the Western champions, in the East vs. West match. 

The first American challenge for the lost cup was made in 
1905, and the team sent in quest of it was composed of Ward, 
Larned, Wright and Clothier. The Americans failed to win a 
single match of the challenge round against the Dohertys and 
Frank L. Riseley, although they won their way to the privilege 
of becoming challengers by in turn defeated Belgium, France, 
and Australasia. Austria was also represented, being defeated 
by Australasia. 

In igo6 America tried again for the international trophy, send- 
ing Beals Wright, Kriegh Collins, Raymond Little and Holcombe 
Ward. As far as the chances of the American team were con- 
cerned, the contests were decided before the team left America by 
the accident that befell Beals C. Wright at the Crescent Athletic 
Club, Brooklyn, N. Y., and the lack of form that Kriegh Collins 
displayed. The Dohertys again were triumphant. 

In 1907 Beals C. Wright and Karl Behr journeyed to Great 
Britain, in an effort to regain the Davis trophy, but w^ere unsuc- 
cessful, being defeated by the Australian team — Brookes and 
Wilding — the Doherty brothers not contesting. 

The cup having gone to Australia, a journey to the Antipodes 
was necessary in the efifort to restore the trophy to its own country, 
and accordingly a team composed of Beals C. Wright of Boston 
and Frederick B. Alexander of New York set out in September, 
1908, for Melbourne. The pair put up a great battle against 
Brookes and Wilding, but the latter finally prevailed. 




MISS MAY SUTTON. 
Winner of the Pacific Coast Championship, and the World's Champion. 



How to Play Lawn Tennis 2j^ 



A First Lesson for Beginners. 

To begin right is half the game in lawn tennis, and if one 
wants to learn to play the game well, it is important to 
begin correctly. Some of the simplest matters are the most im- 
portant, and if these are mastered at the start the improvement 
in skill will follow quickly after, and the development be gradual 
but rapid. To accumulate bad habits of play when first learning 
the game is only to handicap a beginner indefinitely, for it is 
much harder to give up bad habits and alter the style in these 
small matters than to begin all over again and learn anew. Some 
of the most important of these minor details are the smallest 
and the most likely to be overlooked. They are not child's play, 
by any means, and should not be ignored because they seem 
simple. Even the best experts had to learn them first and must 
observe them as well as the beginner. 

First and most important of all, the racket should be firmly 
gripped in making all of the strokes. A loose grasp ruins other- 
wise good play, and no habit interferes with progress more than 
that of holding the handle loosely. The slightest relaxation in 
the grasp will often let the racket turn in the hand while mak- 
ing a stroke, and it is failure in consequence. It should be 
held by the extreme end always, the "butt" or leather binding at 
the end resting against the ball of the hand. 

F.- all forehand strokes, or those made when the ball is on 
the . xght side of the body, the hand should rest diagonally along 
the handle, with the first finger separated from the others and 
extended an inch or two further along the racket, but also wrap- 
ped around it; it should never rest its full length along the 
handle, as we sometimes see beginners doing. The finger nails 
\\<hen at rest on the handle, should face at the moment the ball 
is hit in the direction in which it is to fly. 

For backhand strokes, those made when the ball is on the left 



i^ow to Pi 



e n n t s 



side and the arm and racket must be drawn across in front of the 
body, the fingers should be closed together and the thumb ex- 
tended out straight along the handle behind the racket, in order 
to give more force and better direction to the ball. In backhand 
play, the second or middle knuckles should face when the racket 
meets it in the direction in which the ball is to be driven. 

In changing the grip after one stroke for another on the oppo- 
site side, it is necessary to shift the grip somewhat, but this is 
easily accomplished as the racket is carried across in front of 
the body. It is the custom of almost all good players to balance 
the racket between strokes in front of the body, with the upper 
part of the handle at the "splice," as the fork where the wood 
of the handle spreads out into the frame is called, resting lightly 
in the left hand. 

After every stroke it is well to return the racket to this posi- 
tion, and the shift in the grip between strokes will never be found 
difficult if this is done. In the heat of the play, the effort of 
shifting the hold becomes almost unconscious and does not dis- 
tract attention from the strokes themselves Nearly all experts 
condemn as bad form the habit of playing both forehand and 
backhand strokes with the same grip. 

In actually making the stroke, the racket should start as far 
behind the point which the ball is to be hit as possible, and swing 
as far beyond it after the blow as the full reach will permit. 
In forehand strokes, the full length of the arm should be ex- 
tended behind the body to start the swing with plenty of impetus 
and the stroke should be finished well up over the left shoulder, 
the racket even turning in the wrist and dropping down back of 
the head to stop its impetus. 

The swing for backhand stroke should be almost exactly the 
reverse, the racket starting over the left shoulder and ending 
at the extreme length of the arm extend out beyond. The body, 
however, should be turned around in exactly the opposite direc- 
tion, so as to face the ball for each stroke, and the position of 
the feet should be shifted so as to give the firmest balance and 
the freest motion of the body. The feet should be spread well 
apart and the body bent forward at the hips iust before the ball 



How to Play Lawn Tennis ^ 

is struck, so that its weight is added to the impulse of the 
racket in making the stroke. 

As in golf, the weight of the body is carried on the rear leg 
and foot before the stroke, and as the racket swings toward the 
ball, it is thrown forward, shifting to the other, so the added 
force of the body greatly increases the power of the stroke. A 
long swinging sweep of the arm and racket should be cultivated 
so as to meet the ball squarely and with a powerful impact as J1 
comes toward you. 

All side motion of the recket is lost power ; as in golf, the 
head of the racket and the wrist that guides it should travel as 
nearly as possible in the direction the ball is to go just before the 
stroke, while actually hittmg the ball and as long as possible 
after the impact. The "follow through" is nearly the same in ten- 
nis as in golf and quite as important. Greater freedom in 
swinging the weight of the body while making the stroke is 
possible in tennis, for the left arm is free to help recover the 
balance, while in golf both are required in holding the club. A 
tennis stroke is made while the body is in. motion, too, instead 
of being still, as in golf, so the weight is carried still further 
forward and checked by bringing the rear foot o utin front of 
other. In making a fast tennis stroke forehanded, the weight 
starts on the right foot, shifts to the left as the ball is hit, and is 
finally checked again on the right, which takes a step forward 
to recover the balance just after making the stroke. 

In making lawn tennis strokes, it is vitally important to keep 
away from the ball. One of the most common errors among 
beginners — even with some experienced players — is that of getting 
too close to the ball while playing. The cramped elbow that 
results from this ruins many more strokes than ever spoiled by 
being too far away from the ball. A splendid maxim laid down 
by an expert player is that every player should go to the ball in 
making a stroke, and never let the ball come to him. Even when 
one finds himself in the right position to take the ball, it is better 
to step back as it approaches and then forward again to meet 
it, for this insures the correct position, with better speed and 
direction with the weight moving forward when the stroke is 




EX-CHAMPION W. J. CLOTHIER. 



How t o P I a y L arv n Tennis 31 

made. If the flight or bound of the ball is a little further than 
calculated, the player will still be in the right position and not 
too close. In every stroke of the game, the position should be 
that of meeting the ball; no fast stroke can be made while mov- 
ing backward or even with the weight thrown backward. 

The actual position of the racket in the hand while the stroke 
is being made is very important. In the preliminary swing and 
in hitting the ball, the head of the racket should be nearly level 
with the wrist, and the end of the swing should finish with the 
racket well above the wrist. This requires an upward motion 
of the racket's head as well as the forearm, and it is this motion 
that lifts the ball over .the net, while turning of the wrist to one 
side or the other directs it to the right or left. 

As the racket meets the ball, its head should be drawn slightly 
upward so that the strings are dragged across the face of the 
ball as they hit it, and this slight side motion gives the. ball a 
twist that keeps it from "sailing," and makes it drop soon after 
crossing the net. In some of the "lift" strokes or "drop" strokes 
played by experts, like the famous "Lawford" stroke, for in- 
stance, this drop is much exaggerated, and the ball describes a 
rainbow arch in its flight, dropping suddenly after crossing the 
net. Much power is wasted in such strokes, but a little twist 
is generally necessary to hit the ball hard and still make it fall 
inside of the court-lines. 

The height at which the ball should be taken depends on the 
height of its bound, which in turn depends on the hardness of 
the court. On most grass courts, the bound in fast play reaches 
about to the knee, and this is the best height at which to hit the 
the ball. Even on harder courts, of "dirt," sand or boards, it is 
better to let the ball drop to this height before hitting it, al- 
though the longer bound keeps the player further back in his 
court, which is not often desirable. Sometimes, it is necessary 
to hit the ball at the level with the hip to prevent being driven 
too far from the net, but no stroke should ever be made under- 
hand with the ball higher than the hip. 

The eyes should be kept on the ball all of the time as it ap- 
proaches; even up to the time of hitting it, one should watch 



LARNED'S BACKHAND STKOKE., 



How to Play Lawn Tennis 



ZZ 



the ball, not the racket or the opposing player. It is some- 
times necessary to look up for a second to see the direction in 
which .it is to be placed and where the opponent is, but this 
should be done before the stroke begins, not while it is being 
made. A player often reads his opponent's intention from the 
direction in which he is looking, and if one looks where he 
plans to place the ball, he may betray his thoughts and the op- 
ponent anticipate the stroke by going directly to the spot. 

Perhaps the best way for one who wants to play tennis well, 
is to practice strokes against a blank wall — high fence, the side 
of a house, or some obstacle of that kind — batting the ball up 
against it again and again, hitting it from the bound each 
time it returns. Nothing can possibly afford better practice than 
this kind of play. Experts use it constantly in the spring, and 
find it a better way of getting into form, of "getting their eye 
on the ball," as they say, than even regular practice on a regular 
court. The ball always comes back at the corresponding angle 
to that at which it struck the wall, and with much greater regu- 
larity than any human opponent could return it. 

In all forms of practice, whether against a wall or an antago- 
nist, the method of making the strokes should be kept in mind 
all of the time. Every stroke made in bad form is just so much 
wasted practice, and if a faulty style is contracted, the longer 
it is allowed to continue without correction, the more danger- 
ous it becomes. Bad form in lawn tennis is as difficult to over-" 
come as bad habits in anything else. Some of the simplest and 
least offensive of mannerisms, too, often develop into injurious 
habits if not checked at once. 

Holding the racket loosely in the hand, swinging it or twist- 
ing it sidewise before making a stroke, jumping a little just be- 
fore the stroke instead of while it is being made, taking the eyes 
off the ball, and even momentary lapses of indifference while 
playing are all dangerous habits to contract, and each will de- 
velop into a bad fault if not checked at once. 

The questions of placing the ball and of covering court so as 
to prevent the opponent from out-placing you are very impor- 
tant, and both permit unlimited study; in fact, the cleverest of 




L. H. WAIDNER. 

Chicago. 

In the Western Championship Toxirnament. 



How to Play Lawn Tennis 35 

tournament players never stop working on these problems. After 
every stroke from one side of the court or the other, one should 
immediately hurry back to the centre of the base-line, so as to 
be ready to start for the next ball, no matter where it is placed. 
If she is caught too far away from the centre, the opponent will 
surely win the stroke by placing the ball to the other side of the 
court and out of her reach. 

Not long ago I discovered an expert tournament player re- 
peatedly stood still after making a stroke from one side of the 
court, and waited to see the result of his play, instead of hurry- 
ing back to the centre of the base-line in anticipation of his 
opponent's next stroke. By this error, he constantly left his 
court open at the opposite side for a well-placed ball that would 
win the point. 

When badly pressed for time or too far out to one side of the 
court to get back again, a lob is always useful, and it gives a 
player plenty of time to get back into position for the next play. 
Beginners should all learn to lob well, as this is an invaluable 
stroke and can always be resorted to for a del^nse. 

An overhand service is practically necessary for those who 
want to play the game well, although some players learn to 
serve underhand with such a sharp twist that it is difficult to 
make a hard return from the low erratic bound. The ball should 
be thrown up in the air as straight as possible over the right 
shoulder for the overhand service, and hit just as it pauses in 
the air before falling. To throw it much higher and hit it as it 
falls is much more difficult and less effective. 

An overhand service should be made as fast as the player can 
control the ball within the boundaries of the proper court. The 
second service, too, after a first fault has been served, should 
be made in the same way but slower. To serve in a different 
way only tends to upset the accuracy of the first service as wel' 
as the second and weakens both. 



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I, H. J. Mollenhauer; 2, Prof. L. Perry; 3, F. DeRham; 4, C. C. Pell. 



How to Play Lawn Tennis 3^ 

How to Make the Most Important Strokes. 

I. — The Service. 

Having first mastered the rudiments of the game, one is 
soon led on to the more intricate points of play. In hitting the 
ball, there are very many variations possible, of course, but the 
whole list of strokes can be divided safely into four classes: (i) 
The service, (2) horizontal ground strokes, (3) the volley and 
the half-volley, and (4) the lob. Let us consider the service 
first, as it is the opening stroke in every play. 

The service is restricted by the rules of the game more closely 
than any other play, and it is well that it is so, for there have 
been many attempts to take advantage of the attack given to 
the server by his being allowed to make the first stroke of each 
series. The service rule (No. 6) has had to be changed repeat- 
edly to keep the server from infringing on the rights of his 
opponent. In the modern game it is considered a great ad- 
vantage to get up the net to volley as soon as possible after the 
service has been delivered, and the American experts a few 
years ago carried this plan of attack so far that they served on 
the run, and a new rule (that which is at present in force) had 
to be adopted to stop their onslaught. 

It has always been the intention of the rules to make the 
server stand at the base-line when he delivered his service, and 
the wording has been changed only to define this position more 
closely, so that he shall remain there until after the ball has 
been delivered. Otherwise, he is allowed to hit the ball as he 
pleases, and it is a good service if the ball drops in the service- 
court diagonally opposite him, and does not touch the net in 
crossing. Naturally, the faster the service the more difficult it 
is to return, and all efforts have been directed toward getting 
greater speed in the delivery .without forcing the ball to strike 
out of the required court. 

There used to be many methods of underhand twist services 




1, Hal Braly, a Southern California crack; 2, Win£red Mace; 3, O. V. 
Vernon; 4, Drummond Jones. 



H o w t o P lay Law n Tennis 39 

used, much like those of rackets and courts tennis, and it was 
intended to make the ball bound up from the ground at an 
erratic angle that would make it more difficult for the opponent 
to return. These twist services passed out of use, however, 
when faster return strokes and harder drives came into use and 
have been only occasionally revived for special uses, sometimes 
against women in mixed doubles, or occasionally against a 
player who finds it difficult to hit the heavily cut ball. It is also 
occasionally useful to serve an underhand twist ball when the 
sun shines brightly in the server's face, and makes it difficult to 
look up for an overhand service. The American twist service is 
a newer and more scientific development of these old-fashioned 
'(twist deliveries, but the ball is served overhand and very fast. 
A special chapter has been devoted to this one play. 

The most useful and commonest service used by good pla3/ers 
is an overhand delivery almost straight with a slight cut to the 
right that keeps the ball from "sailing" in the air. A ball always 
travels faster and truer if it turns on its own axis, and this same 
principle which is used in "rifling" guns is brought into use in 
serving a tennis ball. The player should reach as high as pos- 
sible, even serving up on the right toe, and strike the ball at 
the extreme length of this racket. The server should reach up 
a little above the ball, too, so that the pressure of the racket 
shall be slightly on top as well as on the right side of the ball. 
This top twist helps to bring the ball down into the court, when 
sometimes it might otherwise go out and be a fault. 

This overhand cut service curves slightly to the (server's) 
left, and its tendency is to draw the opponent out slightly in 
that direction in order to return it. If a player can combine 
this service with a "reverse" service, which is made by drawing 
the racket across the ball in the opposite direction, from left to 
right, he can fool the adversary wonderfully by varying the two. 
and keep him guessing almost constantly. This gives the server 
a big advantage, for the opponent is unable to anticipate his 
delivery and finds it more difficult to make a strong return. 

It is important i^ .hfJ^-e a strong second service, and too many 



40 H o 7v to Play Lawn Tennis 

players neglect this feature of their play, serving so slowly and 
"softly" in their anxiety to be certain to avoid the double fault, 
that their second service is very easy to kill. The second 
service should be as nearly like the first as possible, only mod- 
erated enough to be certain of not missing making a double 
fault. I know a number of good tournament players whose 
game shows the woeful weakness of a second service that can 
be killed often by a fast drive from the slow high bound. It is 
doubly important that the second service should be as long as 
possible, that is, following as near the service-line as possible ; 
and that it should not bound high so as to offer a tempting 
mark to drive at. 

Many players try for exceptional speed with their first service, 
when they know that the chances are heavily against their 
making the stroke count. The result is that the second service, 
when they miss, is so much softer than the first that it is easy 
to kill. It is better to make the first a little slower and be more 
sure of bringing it in, and then to make the second more nearly 
like the first if the latter should be a fault. 

If the server plans to run in on his service and to volley the 
opponent's first return, there are other considerations than mere 
speed and twist to consider in making the service. Direction 
and placing are even more important than either speed or bound, 
for the ball must be carefully placed to make the server's posi- 
tion safe at the net. It is generally the safest in running in, to 
serve to the centre of the court, for it is always more difficult 
for the opponent to pass a volleyer at the net from the centre 
of the court than from either edge, where the side-line is always 
open. 

If the opponent is particularly weak on his backhand, or if he 
stands well over toward the centre of the court to anticipate a 
delivery to this point, it is well to vary the direction of the 
service to the extreme edge of the right-hand court. This will 
often force him out of court to make the return, and its unex- 
pected direction wiH make it more difficult for him to handle 
the ball well. 



Ho IV to Play Lawn Tennis 4i 

11. — The Ground- Stroke. 

At least three-quarters of the game is made up of ground- 
strokes, and upon a player's skill in this department of the game 
depends much of his success. It is impossible to play the game 
well without good ground-strokes, and very few men have ever 
succeeded with only volleying to back them up. To win a rally 
by volleying at the net requires, first, good ground-strokes to 
make the opening when the volleyer will be safe at the net. To 
be sure, there is only one stroke in each rally that is required 
by law to be played off the ground — the return of the service — 
but few men are able to volley so well that they can reach the 
net safely after every service and first return, and it is prac- 
tically necessary to earn the position for a smash or volleyed ace 
by good ground-strokes that lead up to the winning position. 

The straight horizontal drive is the most useful of all the 
ground-strokes, and this can be made either forehand or back- 
hand. It needs a full, long swing, a clean-hit ball and as much 
body swing and "carry through," as the golfers call it, as it is 
possible to get in the stroke. The ball is best taken at about 
the height of the knee, and a little "lift" put on it at the end of 
the stroke. Many players have a habit of striking the ball much 
higher than »the knee, often higher than the waist, but this not 
only makes the stroke more difficult to execute, but it also in- 
creases the chances of putting it into the net. In making this 
stroke, I want to emphasize once more, however, the importance 
of getting the weight of the body into the stroke and of throw- 
ing it forward so that the weight follows the racket as long ?s 
possible. 

Most beginners in lawn tennis have a tendency to push the 
ball rather than to hit it, and the effect is to ruin what might 
otherwise be a good stroke. The impact against the ball should 
be clean-cut and sharp, but the racket should follow the ball 
until it is well started on its course. 

The drop stroke, often erroneously called the "Lawford" 
stroke, is an exaggeration of this side-strike that has become 



42 How to Play Lawn Tennis 

very commonly used; in fact, more often seen than the true 
stroke. In making this, the racket meets the ball with a diag- 
onal sweep, striking it a glancing blow with a sharp up-twist that 
drags the ball along with it and gives it a sharp spinning motion, 
like a "follow" shot in billiards. By some tennis players this is 
so much exaggerated that the ball describes a sharp, rainbow- 
like course as it crosses the net and dips quickly after crossing, 
so that many balls that seem to be going out of court ultimately 
fall inside the boundaries. 

This stroke is very useful for passing an opponent at the net, 
for it is doubly difficult to volley a falling ball like this sends, 
but against an opponent at the back of his court, it takes un- 
necessary risks without proportionate gain, for it accomplishes 
no more, save, possibly, a little greater speed than the straight 
side-stroke. 

The chop-stroke is another method of striking the ball after 
it has bounded which has found a great many devotees. The 
ball is hit with a downward chopping motion like that made by 
a woodsman swinging an axe. The head of the racket is 
bevelled and meets the ball at a sharp angle, striking a glancing 
blow that gives the ball a sharp back-spinning motion, opposite 
to that given by the drop or lift stroke, and like the spin of a 
billiard ball after it has been played for a draw-shot. 

This stroke is a corruption of the English method of striking 
under the ball rather than over it, as so many Americans do, 
and it has been exaggerated until some players "chop" nearly 
every ball they play. The tendency of this stroke is to keep 
the ball up, rather than make it drop into court, and unless it 
is played slow or from well above the net, it often sails out of 
court. The player has a little better command of the ball, per- 
haps, but less speed than with the straight side-stroke. 

In backhand play, the straight side stroke is the most useful 
of all but more difficult than the chop-stroke. The drop-stroke 
is very difficult to play on the back-hand side and few players 
ever use it except on the forehand, while the cut or chop stroke 
is the •'^iest and most often used on the back-hand. The Eng- 



How to Play Lawn Tenn "i, 

lish players use it a good deal, cutting much more in their back- 
hand play than on the other side of the body. 

The chop-stroke is the most difficult of all to handle at the 
back of the court, because of the twisting ball and low bound, 
but it is very easy indeed to volley if an opponent plays it 
when one is waiting at the net. The straight side-stroke is the 
best of all for driving against a base-line player and the drop- 
stroke for passing. It is difficult, however, to combine both, 
and few players have succeeded in doing so. A man must 
choose one or the other to gain success and stand or fall by 
that. It takes a wonderful amount of practice to perfect either 
stroke and if one divides his time and attention between two 
different styles, he is likely to imitate the "Jack of all trades, 
master of none." • 

In receiving the service, the ground-stroke must be used al- 
ways, and it depends upon the style of the opponent which is 
the best play to use against him. If the server runs in to the 
net to volley after each service, a side-line passing drive or a 
short cross-court stroke will generally prove the best answer 
to his attack. Such a return makes the ball drop so soon after 
crossing the net that it is very difficult for him to volley the 
stroke, and even if he does succeed, he generally hits the ball 
below the level of the net and his volley becomes less dangerous 
because he must lift the ball up again somewhat in order ttj. 
keep it from going into the net. If he volleys too well to pass, 
then a lob must be resorted to. 

If the opponent is a base-line player and does not run in at 
once to volley, the drop-stroke is not so useful for attacking or 
opening upon an attack for a winning volley at the net, as either 
the chop-stroke or the straight side-stroke. It adds to the 
chance of error without increasing the force of the attack. The 
drop-stroke spins out a good deal after it has struck the ground 
and loses much of its speed when it rises the second time for 
the opponent to return, while the chop-stroke "shoots" faster 
than ever from the ground and the straight side-stroke hol4$ 
most of its place after boundingr 



44 How to Play 



e n n X s 



The question of length is of utmost importance m making 
good ground-strokes, and for this purpose the straight side- 
stroke is the most powerful of all ground-strokes. Both the 
chop-stroke and the drop-stroke depend on their twist to keep 
them within the boundaries of the court, while the side-stroke 
is aimed for the spot it is intended to strike. In using the drop- 
stroke, the player aims many feet beyond where he expects the 
ball to fall, and depends upon the drop to bring it into the court, 
while with the chop-stroke, it is just the reverse, for the player 
has to aim the ball many feet short of the base-line in order 
to bring it inside of the line, as the under-twist makes the ball 
"sail" somewhat. 

For all-round uses, therefore, the straight side-stroke is the 
most useful, but it does not follow that no cut should ever 
be used with it. On the contrary, it is possible to use a little 
of either cut with this stroke, and thus get part of the effect 
of either of the other two strokes, while with either of the 
exaggerated styles, the other is almost impossible to acquire. 
Many players who have mastered the straight side-stroke, and 
who follow through after the ball the longest in making it, vary 
its use a good deal by twisting the ball slightly according to the 
position of the opponent. 

Against a man at the net. they finish the stroke with the 
racket drawn somewhat up toward the left shoulder, and this 
gires the ball a top twist that makes it drop slightly after 
crossing the net, although not nearly so much as with the 
regular drop-stroke. When the opponent is at the base-line, a 
little under twist keeps the ball from bounding high and makes 
it shoot so from the bound that it will be forced further away 
and find it more difficult than ever to make a safe return. With 
this straight side-stroke, the player has the best control of the 
ball that can be secured, and if he follows it well with his racket 
in hitting it. he can direct the ball very closely to where he 
wants it to go. 



How to Play Lawn Tennis 45 

HI. — The Volley and Half- Volley. 

The most thoroughly American stroke of all those which are 
used in .lawn tennis is the volley, and much of its modern de- 
velopment is due to American methods. Our players volley with 
much more aggressiveness than the Englishmen and their' attack 
is much stronger and more effective in consequence. A great 
part of the volleying abroad is underhand, the ball being struck 
from below the level of the net and must be lifted back over 
its top again before it can seek a vulnerable point of the adver- 
sary's court. Ihis naturally lessens its power of attack and 
makes it more of a defensive, stroke. 

Americans, on the other hand, rush in much closer to the 
net and volley sharper and faster, hitting the ball at the top of 
its flight and driving it downward with a sharp stroke. They 
smash much more, too, than their English cousins and seldom 
fail to take advantage of an opening for a killing stroke, when 
the foreigners often satisfy themselves by keeping the ball in 
play with underhand volleys that do not kill. 

My advice to any young player who wants to learn to volley 
underhand is — don't do it at all. At best it is a defensive stroke, 
and a volley should never be allowed to be defensive. If driven 
back from the net so far that it is impossible to reach the ball 
before it has fallen so low as to make an underhand volley 
necessary, it is much preferable for the player .0 fall back still 
further and make a ground-stroke instead of a low volley. The 
position is stronger and stroke is likely to be much better. 

Horizontal volleying is the most important of all, and upon 
his skill at that depends a large pait of a player's success at net 
play. Once safely ensconced at the net, all fast returns offer 
horizontal volleys and only the lobbed balls give openings for 
overhead volleying or smashing. The most important point in 
horizontal volleying is to hold the wrist very stiff and to meet 
the ball with a rigid racket that does not give at all from the 
impact. One should never volley upward either; it is better to 
strike a little downward and if the ball is too close to the net 
to direct it downward at once, the face of the racket can be 



46 How to Play Lawn Tennis 

bevelled slightly upward to keep the ball from going into the net. 

The racket should be drawn back eighteen inches or two feet 
as the ball comes toward you, and then brought forward with a 
quick, determined stroke that meets the ball with a sharp blow 
and follows it as far as possible. To merely stop a ball without 
striking it, or even after striking it, to relax the grip of the 
racket so that it gives when the ball meets it, means to rob 
the volley of all its life and snap, and to make a weak return 
of the stroke. Except for the tricky "stop-volley" which is 
rapidly coming into use for grass court play against a base- 
line player, the ball should always be hit firmly and sharply and 
the direction controlled by turning the wrist in one direction or 
another at the last second before striking the ball. 

These stop-volleys are made by close net players by holding 
the racket rather loosely and merely stopping a fast drive at 
the net and allowing the ball to fall just ovef into the opposite 
court and drop there lifeless with little or no bound. If the 
opponent is far back in his court and not expecting this play, he 
is seldom able to get up to the net in time to reach the ball before 
it bounds the second time. It is possible to bring off these stop- 
volleys successfully, however, only when the volleyer is very 
close to the net, so close in fact that he is in danger of having 
the ball lobbed over his head. The correct play against a 
volleyer who gets in so close as this is always to lob over his 
head, for he is seldom able to back away in time to volley the 
ball, and generally has to let it bound and return it with another 
lob. 

Overhead volleying or smashing is much like serving. The' 
player should reach as high as possible over his head and strike 
the ball from over his right shoulder with as much force as 
possible. In smashing, the weight should be thrown far forward 
and the additional impetus of the body's swing added to the force 
of the blow. The object of a smash is to kill a dropping ball by 
the sheer speed of the blow, rather than the accuracy of its plac- 
ing, but many well-smashed balls are returned by the opponent, 
and the player should not lose his balance entirely, for then he 



How to Play Lawn Tennis A 7 

will not be ready for the. next stroke in case his antagonist should 
return his first smash. 

It is. never safe to risk a smash if behind the service-line, 
and a ball that is going to fall further back than that should be 
volleyed rather than smashed. Smashing is very much over- 
done anyway. It is quite unnecessary to smash many short lobs 
that come to a player during the course of a game, for an ordi- 
narily fast overhead volley to some remote part of the court 
where it is well out of the reach of the opponent is quite as 
effective as a smash, and reduces materially the chance of error 
without weakening the chances of winning the ace. When a 
volley will kill the ball, a player should never risk a smash or 
waste his strength on the play either. 

Half-volleying is only a makeshift at best to cover up a 
mistake in position. A player should never half-volley if it is 
possible to make any other stroke. He should go back and play 
off the ground, or run forward to meet the ball and volley the 
return. Some of the English players half-volley aggressively 
from choice, even when it is possible for them to avoid the 
stroke, but this play has been fostered and practiced because of 
the volleying position of the Englishmen, many feet further 
from the net than that which the Americans prefer. The conse- 
quence is that many balls drop at their feet when they are in 
their customary position for volleying, at the service-line, and 
they get used to half-volleying instead of shifting position to get 
the ball either on the volley or after it has risen well from the 
ground. 

IV.— The Lob. 

The lob is a stroke that used to be considered only useful 
for defence, but modern American methods have brought it 
into common play both for attack and defence, and it has now 
become recognized as a general stroke of the game. Primarily, 
it is used either to get the ball out of the reach of an opponent 
at the net waiting to volley it, or to save time by knocking the 
ball high into the air while you get back into position or recover 
your "wind," if out of breath. 



4^' H 7v to Play L a 7c> n Tennis 

Some players find it difficult to kill a lobbed ball, and in a 
tournament match the ability to lob well may prove of great 
advantage against an antagonist. If hard pressed, it also fur- 
nishes a breathing spell that may be just .enough to save the set. 
The ball should be played high into the air and well back, in the 
opponent's court. The lob short is sure death, and one had 
better not lob at all than to lob short of the service-line. The 
ball should be hit with confidence and with force behind it, 
not hesitatingly, as though the player were afraid the stroke 
would be a failure. This uncertain way of lobbing is the most 
dangerous of all. 

Of recent years, however, still another use has come into 
play for the lob, and this is the result of the American habit of 
getting in close to the net to volley. Once the opponent gets 
in closer than the usual net position, when less than ten feet 
from the net, the overhead attack can be started by lobbing, 
and he can quickly be driven away from his advantageous "posi- 
tion. A low lob, just out of his reach, sometimes scores a clean 
ace, and even a high one will often force him to turn and run 
back in his court to return the ball. 

A young player should always practice lobbing enough to be 
certain of the play. It is always useful and one can never tel! 
when he will have to bring the stroke into use. Nothing is more 
demoralizing, too, than to lob short and have the ball killed so 
hard that you have not a chance to reach it. Before an import- 
ant match, it is a good plan to practice lobbing for some time, 
and the question of length should be watched closely, for a 
good lob should always fall between the service-line and the 
base-line — better yet, within ten feet of the base-line. 

I have often spent an hour with a patient friend on the other 
side of the net, practicing just this one stroke, and the result 
justified all my hard work, for it gave me command of a play 
that served me in good stead whenever I got into any kind of 
difficulties. It is the most perfect defence that can be found, 
and against any but a very strong smasher, it often becomes a 
strong attack. 



How t« Play Lawn Tennis 49 



The American Twist Service 

There has been a good deal of mystery surrounding the Ameri- 
can twist services which have recently become so prominent in 
the international matches. As a matter of fact, there should be 
no mystery at all in regard to this play, as it is simply a scien- 
tific development of the common underhand twist strokes adapted 
for overhead play with the additional speed which has made the 
new stroke so formidable. It is a common error to call these 
deliveries "reverse twists," for, as a matter of fact, the only re- 
verse twist overhead service in use among the experts is that de- 
livered by Champion Whitman, while the twist service used by 
Davis, Ward and Alexander have all the natural out twist. As 
Davis is a left-handed player, his service "breaks" from the 
ground in the opposite direction from those deliveries by right- 
handed players. 

Ever since the early days of baseball the scientific theory of 
curving a ball in the air has been well understood. The top of 
a carriage wheel travels faster than the bottom, because its axis 
is moving ahead all of the time, and in the same way the friction 
on the side of a ball which is twisting on its own axis is greater 
on the side which is going fastest through the air— the right- 
hand side in a right-twist delivery and vice versa. The rougher 
the surface of any spherical body the more it will curve in the 
air, because the friction becomes greater against the particles of 
the air itself. The rough felt covering of a lawn tennis ball 
causes more friction than a leather-covered baseball and conse- 
quently the tennis ball curves more in the air. 

The secret of success in making this new twist service is not 
to make the ball curve so much to one side or the other as to 
curve downward in its flight like the "drop" of a modern base- 
ball pitcher. It is necessary to make a tennis ball drop quickly 
after crossing the net if it is to be served wnth much speed and 



50 How to Play Lawn Tennis 

Still strike within the boundary of the service court. To accom- 
plish this the ball must be hit on top as much as possible, and the 
secret of the new twist service lies in reaching over the ball and 
striking it from above as well as one side. The racket strings 
are drawn across the cover of the ball as much as possible, the 
ball taking the strings near one edge of the frame and leaving at 
the other side. To do this a very quick side motion is required, 
and it is this that gives the ball its rapid spinning motion. 

It has been a mystery to many why a tennis ball should bound 
in the opposite direction from its curve, but if one will apply the 
principle of the "English" in billiards he will understand at once 
ihe reason. In the overhand out twist, as served by Ward and 
Alexander, the ball spins sharply on its own axis, combining the 
effect of right-hand English and the "follow" shot in billiards — 
in other words, it spins exactly like a billiard ball when hit for a 
follow shot with right English. It curves to the (server's) left 
in seeking the line of the least resistance (which is a comnjon 
rule in all physics) because of the greater friction on its right 
side, and it curves downward in its flight because of the greater 
fricti'on on its top side. 

Instantly the ball strikes the ground it breaks to the right be- 
cause the spinning motion drags it that way when it comes in con- 
tact with the ground, just the same as a billiard ball with right 
English will rebound to the right when it strikes the cushion of 
the table. Thus we have the double motion in this new twist 
service, which has puzzled so many who have played against it. 
The reason why its effect has been greater with American than 
with English balls is because the surface covering of the Ameri- 
can ball is rougher than that of the English, and the resistance in 
going through the air becomes greater in consequence. The ball 
gets a sharper twist from the racket because the rougher cover 
makes it cling longer to the string. 

The service used by Whitman has the reverse twist, his racket 
removes from (his) right to his left, the ball curves from left 
to right, and breaks again to the left as it leaves the ground. 
Davis's service has the same curves and the same effect as Whit- 
tnan's, but Davis reaches very much further over the ball, hitting 



Ho w t P I 



a y L, a w n 1 e n n i s 51 



it faster and making it bound deeper. It is an out twist and not 
a reverse twist, however, because Davis plays with his left hand 
and the racket travels away from his body, not across it. The 
service used by Ward and Alexander is an out twist made with 
the right arm, the racket traveling away from the body to the 
(server's) right; the ball curves from right to left, and breaks 
sharply to the right again after leaving the ground. 

In Whitman's case the racket travels across in front of his 
body and the tendency in making this reverse twist is to throw 
the server off his balance, and to make it doubly difficult for him 
to run in to the net to volley the first return. In the case of the 
out twist, it is just the reverse, and Ward is said to have in- 
vented this service in an effort to get the impetus of the racket 
to help him get in motion quicker after serving in his hurry to 
reach the net for the volleying position. 

In each case where this out twist service has been successful 
the server bends very far backward and drops his racket down 
far behind his back before making the stroke. In each case, 
too, he reaches well up over the ball, and the more he hits it 
on top, the more speed he can secure and still make the ball drop 
enough to fall inside of the service court. There is a tendency 
also to ease up slightly on the inside edge of the racket so that 
the strings will follow the ball longer and give it a sharper twist 
in making the stroke. 

This new American twist service is physically very severe on 
its users, and tires the muscles of the back and stomach more 
* than those of the arms, because of the sharp bending backward 
as the stroke is made. There is no secret about it, however, 
and the fact that Alexander has successfully learned to use it 
simply through watching Ward make the service and practising 
it steadily is proof that any other player can learn this stroke 
who will give enough time and conscientious effort to learn it. 
The keynote to success, however, lies in hitting the ball well 
on top with a very sharp twist, the ball rolling across the entire 
face of the strings before it leaves it, and in striking it very 
much harder than would be possible to bring an ordinary service 
within the court. 



52 How to Play Lawn Tennis 



How to Build and Keep a Court 

Nothing is more important for the full enjoyment of lawn 
tennis than a satisfactory court, and none of the other accessories 
of the game offers a wider variety. Many important consider- 
ations come up even after the kind of court to be built, and the 
cost, have been decided upon. No matter how much is to be 
spent on the ground, nor what the surface is to be, the most 
important things to consider first are space, light and drainage. 

The back-stop nettings should never be nearer than fifteen feet 
from the lines, and if good players are expected to use the 
court, particularly if tournament matches are to take place on it, 
the space behind the base-line should be 21 feet at each end. At 
the sides at least 6 feet, if possible 12 feet should be allowed 
beyond the side-lines for doubles of each court. A well- 
appointed court for tournament play should be centered in an 
unobstructed space of not less than 60 x 120 feet. Wire back- 
stop netting 10 or 12 feet high should surround it at these 
distances from the lines. If there are two or more courts to- 
gether, there should be at least 12 feet between their side lines, 
and one netting can surround all. 

In selecting a site for a court, a spot should be chosen where 
there is always plenty of sunlight, and where at no time of the 
day does any shadow cross the ground on which the court is to 
be laid. Green or black is a preferable background to play 
against, but any dark and even color will do. A court should 
never be laid out with any very light background within a short 
distance at either end, or close at either side. Nor should a site 
be selected with a badly mixed or moving background. Shade 
trees are useful near a court only if their shadow is a solid one, 
not constantly checkered by flecks of sunlight glittering through 
moving branches, which constantly confuse the players. Never 



How to Play Lawn Tennis 53 

should they be allowed near enough to cast any shadows on the 
playing surface. , 

One more cardinal point should be remembered. The court 
should invariably be laid out north and south— never east and 
west. If this warning is disregaided, the player at one end 
or the other will be hopelessly blinded by the sun. 

The question of drainage is one of the most important consid- 
erations in selecting a site of this kind. On the natural facilities 
depends largely the cost of laying out a good court. If the 
natural soil be sandy and well drained, or if it is on high ground 
which slopes away near by, artificial drain pipes will not have to 
be put in, and this saves much of the cost, but if it be thick clay 
that holds moisture long, or on low ground with neighboring 
slopes that drain toward it, the court will be useless for many 
hours after each rainfall unless artificial drain pipes are put in. 

After the site has been selected, it must be decided whether a 
grass or "dirt" court is to be built. If the natural sod is lux- 
uriant and the soil favorable for its growth, or if the court is not 
to be used enough to wear off the grass, a turf court will gen- 
erally be found preferable, but if the ground is to be constantly 
in use, the sod will wear off and become "bald" unless there is 
space enough on the lawn to shift the court frequently. 

When good turf cannot be had or will not stand the wear, a 
substitute must be found, and sand or dirt courts are most often 
used. On well-drained land, one can sometimes cut away the top 
surface, level the ground and roll it until well hardened and the 
court is ready for use, but more preparation is necessary to 
build a permanent court that will not be constantly losing its 
proper level. 

For such a court the earth should be cut away to a depth of 
one foot if no drains are required. After leveling it carefully 
with a spirit level, to be sure that the grade is right, a layer of 
aix inches of broken stone should first be laid and pounded down 
Hard. Ordinary trap-rock used for macadmizing roads is perhaps 
the best for this purpose, but any broken stone, ranging in sizes 
from a walnut to an ^Z'^, will answer the purpose. This should 



54 How to Play Lawn Tennis 

be covered with a three-inch layer of coarse gravel or fine broken 
stone, which should be thoroughly pounded and watered for 
several days before being covered. Before any surface is put on 
the court, the greatest care should be taken to see that the foun- 
dation is perfectly level, or, rather that the center of it is not 
more than one inch lower than at the ends. Any holes or de- 
pressions that appear from rolling and pounding should b« filled 
in before it is covered. 

Every well-built court should be graded toward the net, and a 
drain-pipe well-protected with broken stone should be sunk at 
right angles to the court, dividing it in halves at the net. To- 
ward this gutter the surface of the court should be drained and 
the drain-pipe in turn should be tilted enough to carry the water 
to one side well off the grounds, into some lower spot, or be 
connected with some sunken hogshead or regular sewer. A sur- 
face grade of one inch is enough to keep the average court dry. 
The base» lines therefore should be one inch higher than the 
ground at the net, and if the soil is sandy enough to take up most 
of the water from the average rainstorm, no drain but that under 
the net will be necessary. Some players prefer the court to 
drain from end to end, in which case the court should grade 
gradually so that one end is two inches lower than the other. 

If artificial drainage is necessary to keep the court dry, drain- 
pipes can be laid in the foundations of the court. This can be 
done by getting six-inch stone sewer-pipes cut in halves, or stone 
gutters used on tiled roofs, and sinking them in the ground, open 
side up, immediately under the foundation of broken rock. Two 
or three should be placed on each side of the net, parallel with 
the side-lines and graded down toward the center gutter under 
the net. These pipes should be filled with coarse pebbles or 
cracked stones about the size of walnuts, and they keep the 
drains from filling up with earth. The water will then trickle 
through the coarse sand and stones to the pipes and b^ carried 
down to the main gutter and so off the court. 

The covering for a gravel or sand court should be not less 
than three nor more than six inches in thickness, and of sandy 



How to Play Lawn Tennis 

loam and clay mixed. The proportions depend on the quality 
of the clay. If it is very binding and sticky, one part of sand to 
two of clay are preferable, but for the average ingredients they 
should be mixed about four parts of clay to one part of sand. 
When the court is finished, if it is found to be too soft but dry, 
more clay should be added; while if it drains poorly and stays 
muddy too long after rain, or its surface is too sticky for the 
player's feet, more sand should be added on the surface. When 
a court is finally covered, it should be thoroughly watered and 
rolled alternately twice every day for two weeks before it is 
played on at all, and any depressions or uneven spots corrected 
as fast as they appear from the settling. After the first heavy 
rain-storm it should be gone over and releveled most carefully, 
for then it is most likely to develop new faults. 

The fine seashore sand will seldom be found satisfactory for 
the surface of a court, for it works loose too quickly under the 
players' feet, and can only be made to bind when mixed with a 
larger proportion of clay, which will make the drainage more 
difficult, as water percolates very slowly through clay. If the 
soil upon which a court is being built is very rich and worms 
promise to work through to the surface above and injure the 
court, it is well to lay a layer of fine cinders, those from a rail- 
road engine preferred, between the foundation and the sandy 
surface layer. These cinders effectually prevent worms from 
coming through to the surface. It is also well to use coarse 
sifted ashes mixed with the stones in the drain-pipes. 

The construction of a grass court is less difficult, but varies 
much more in process. If cost need not be considered, it should 
be built by a professional, and will be laid on deep-laid founda- 
tions ; if it is desired to build an economical court on an available 
lawn which is fairly level, the cost will not be heavy. The sod 
should first be carefully removed in squares of about eighteen 
inches, from a space at least 50 by 100 feet, cutting down to a 
depth of about six inches. The ground should then be turned 
with a spade to a depth of eighteen inches or two feet, and after 
all stones have been removed, and the earth carefully raked over 



56 How to Play Lawn Tennts 

and leveled, it should be packed and rolled with a heavy roller. 
It cannot have too much leveling and rolling, and the rolling 
should be kept up for several days with plenty of soaking by rain 
or hose-pipe. Any inequalities which the heavy pressure of the 
roller produces should be filled in or cut down before the sods 
are relaid. 

After the ground has been rolled sufficiently the sods should 
be replaced. In doing this it is important to get the edges close 
together, so that no seams or open cracks can be found. These 
sods should be relaid in the afternoon and well drenched with 
water. The next day the ground should be rolled again; and 
this should be followed by alternate drenching and rolling for 
several days. Even when the ground finally appears firm and 
level, the court should not be played upon until new blades of 
grass appear in considerable numbers. If depressions appear, 
the sod at that spot should be lifted, fresh earth inserted to the 
proper grade and the sod replaced, watered and rolled till level 
and flat again. 

Bad spots are often found where the grass is thin or where 
malignant weeds obstruct its growth, and in this case fresh sods 
should be bought or cut elsewhere and substituted. Sometimes 
large patches of ground must be renewed in this way, but it will 
be found much less expensive if all the turf is bad to sow the 
new court down with lawn seeds, and seeds will often help out 
thin spots in the grass if the court is not to be used too soon 
after the sowing. It is better to make a grass court in the fall 
whether it is to be sown with seed or sodded. The winter storms 
will then settle it thoroughly, and after a little releveling in the 
spring it will be ready for use. 

Grass seeds should be sown between the middle of March and 
the first of May, or better yet, in the autumn, between the middle 
of August and the first of October. It takes about 20 pecks of 
good lawn seed to cover a space 60 by 120 feet. The sowing 
should be gone over twice, the second time at right angles to the 
first. Clover seeds should be avoided, as this grass does not 
wear well, and guano should not be used for fertilizing, for it 
tends to bring up coarse blades in patches. 



How to Play Lawn Tennis 



57 



As soon as the young grass is high enough to be topped, a 
scythe or sickle should be used, being at first better than the 
mowing machine. After the new grass is well hardened, how- 
ever, the latter should be constantly in use, never less than once 
a week, and in moist warm weather nearly every day. With 
every precaution weeds are sure to appear, but these can gen- 
erally be held in check by constant mowing. The more formidable 
weeds, however, must be cut with a knife one by one about an 
inch below the surface, and care being taken to remove as much 
of the root as possible. A pinch of salt dropped on the cut 
root will generally stop the growth. When the turf becomes 
worn in spots a small shift in the lines of the court will relieve 
vhe pressure and enable the grass to grow again; at the end of 
the season all of the bare patches should be resown. 

There are several other kinds of court sometimes built when 
turf cannot be had. Cinders, clay, concrete, cement and asphalt 
are also sometimes used, while board courts are built under cover 
for winter use. 

Concrete and cement are open to many objections. They are 
very hard on the eyes and legs, and often make the player's 
feet sore; the surface generally wears out the balls and shoes 
quickly, and it is also liable to crack with frost. Cinder courts 
are cheap and easy to construct, but the surface is so gritty that 
it burns the feet of the players and soon uses up the balls. They 
are also very dirty. Asphalt courts are expensive and much 
affected by heat and cold, sometimes even cracking with the frost. 

In Australia courts have been made of cracked blue-stone, 
while a cheaper substitute has been found in England in what 
is called a brick rubble court. 

Once the court is finally built and ready for use, it must be 
properly marked out. In every case, unless it be of grass, and 
the lines are to be constantly shifted to prevent bare spots, net- 
posts should be permanently sunk in the ground. They should 
be not less than two feet under the ground nor forty feet apart. 

A double court contains every line used for singles, and so it 
is customary to mark a court for doubles, except occasionally 



S8 How to Play Lawn Tennis 

for important tournament matches in singles, when the outside 
lines are left oflf. In order to lay out a court properly the middle 
of the space should be measured and the two posts set down for 
the net. Then cord should be stretched along one side just inside 
the post and pegs driven down into the ground each 39 feet from 
the net. In order to prove that the side-lines are at right angles 
with the line of the posts where the net is to cross it should be 
proved by measuring with a tape-line or cord the diagonals from 
the opposite net-post to the corner peg at each end of the side- 
line, which should agree. A very useful implement for measuring 
is Spalding's Patent Angle Steel Measuring Tape. With it, any 
one can secure accurate right angles, yet it is also available for 
straight or any kind of measuring. It is 50 feet long, graduated 
in feet, inches and eighths of an inch, and is enclosed in hard 
leather case, with all mountings nickel-plated. The price is $4.00. 

The pegs from the other two corners should be driven down 
next by measuring id feet at right angles from each end of the 
side-line already planned. Then you have a hollow square, but 
before marking any of the lines it should be proved again. The 
long diagonals, from corner to corner, should be carefully meas- 
ured to agree, in order that the court shall be exactly rectangular, 
not diamond shaped. Each side-line and each base-line should 
be gone over again to prove its length accurate, and then the 
lines of this hollow square should be marked out. If the posi- 
tion of the court is not to be shifted it is a good plan to sink 
small angle plates to mark these four corners so that when a 
hard storm washes away the lines, they will not have to be laid 
out all over again. 

The inner side-lines should be put in next, each parallel with 
the outer lines, and 4^ feet inside, measuring them at the base- 
lines and at the net to prove them parallel. One each of these 
pegs should be driven down just 18 feet from either end, and 
then they should be measured the other way to prove that each 
is 21 feet from the net and 42 feet from that at the opposite 
end. Across from each of these to that on the opposite side 
shouW be marked the service-lines, and then dividing these 
service-lines in half, the half-court line should be marked, its 



How t.o Play Lawn Tennis 59 

distance being 133/^ feet from each inner side-line. The court 
will then be completed and ready for use. 

A good dirt court should be swept, watered, rolled and freshly 
marked out after every eight or ten sets of play, and oftener in 
very dry weather Instantly a depression is discovered it should 
be filled in and roUed down before playing is continued, for it is 
almost as dangerous for the players as the court to continue 
with it uneven. A court should never be rolled in the condition 
'he players leave it after play. A player's heel raises a little 
/\imp; if the roller goes over this before it is swept down even 
again, a hard ridge results and the ball will bound unevenly 
from it. It should be swept over first, until all the lumps are 
leveled down, before the roller is allowed on its surface. 

One of the best sweepers is made of a heavy joist of wood 
with a dozen thicknesses of old jute bagging or coarse cloth 
frayed out at the bottom edges, fastened to its bottom and trail- 
ing on behind it. This should be drawn over the court with a 
handle or rope several times. If it is pushed, the groundsman's 
feet will leave tracks after it ; if he goes ahead the sweeper 
will erase them. Before the lines are marked out fresh, the old 
ones should always be swept off with a broom, but if the broom 
is constantly used along the lines in a parallel direction, it will 
gradually wear away little grooves in the court where the lines 
are and the balls will bound improperly from them. The sweep- 
ing should be done lightly across the court, at right angles with 
the lines. 

A grass court cannot have too much care. It is advisable to 
wet it thoroughly several times a week and roll it as often. It 
should be watered at night, cut in the morning, and rolled after 
cutting and before watering. The best way to repair a bare strip 
of ground is to lay fresh turf, and this should be done in the Call 
or as early as possible in the spring. Good tough turf, laid In 
February or early in March, will be fit for use by the first of 
June. In the early spring grass roots both in new turf and old 
may be greatly benefited by a good dressing of manure well 
worked in, but regular manuring should also be done in the fall. 



6o How to Play Lawn Tennis 

Worm casts are very bad for good tennis turf. Particularly 
in fertile ground or after a storm, the little mounds will appear 
on the sod, and if the roller passes over them or they are trodden 
down little hard lumps are formed which spoil the surface of 
the court. The turf should always be swept before rolling, and 
in rich soil every morning. This scatters the mounds effectually. 
Where it is necessary to get rid of the worms, lime water should 
be sprinkled on the ground. They will then come- to the surface 
and can be swept away. 

When a horse mowing machine is used it is well to have the 
horse's hoofs covered with soft pads to prevent their cutting into 
the turf and leaving prints that affect the bound of the ball. The 
groundsman at work on good lawn tennis courts, particularly 
when the turf is soft, and always on a sand court, should be 
required to wear rubber-soled shoes without heels. 



How to Play Lawn Tennrs 



6l 



New Thoughts on Training and Diet 

By Eustace H. Miles. 

[From the London Daily Mail.] 

Before I outline my system of training let me also say that 
I have put it to very severe tests. It has held good in the sever- 
est heat (in New York) and in the severest cold (in New York, 
Tuxedo, and Montreal). At Montreal I played three complete 
racquet matches (not games) in succession without a break. 
And in the United States I several times played three hard 
tennis matches in one day. Moreover, I can keep up this stan- 
dard of endurance without regular practice of the games. At 
the beginning of last year I lived an almost utterly sedentary life 
for three months, and then went off and played tennis hard for 
two hours. 

Nor have I ever found it necessary, because of the training, 
to discontinue my brainwork, even up to the very day of an 
important competition. Nor have I had a single breakdown, 
or indeed any appreciable staleness — the bugbear of athletes — 
since I changed my diet. 

In diet I do not hold to the absolute ideal, but I never go 
very far from it. A "hygienic ideal" would cut me off from 
most social meals altogether, and also perhaps from all stuffy 
and smoky rooms. So I keep myself slightly on the human 
side of supreme pinkness. I prefer two meals a day, at lo — iij 
and 4 — 5, or (with perhaps a fruit breakfast) at 12 — i and 6:30 — 
7:30. But I can eat five meals. 

I do not eat either flesh foods (fish, flesh, or fowl), or meat 
juices (in soups or otherwise), or eggs. Why not eggs? Because 
they do not suit me. Why not flesh foods? For the same rea- 
son and for many others. 

Instead of the undeniably nourishing and stimulating flesh 
foods I substitute what I find to be a not less nourishing basis 
and staple to give me proteid or albumen which shall rebuild 



62 How i0 Play Lawn Tennis 

the blood and cells of my body and repair its waste. We 
might, indeed, live on proteid matter alone, and with it, with the 
help of a few minerals (e. g., phosphates), renew every cell 
of the body, says Professor Sir Michael Foster. 

Professors Gamgee, Pavy, and Bunge, and Dr. Robert Hutchin- 
son, like most other authorities, insist on the importance of pro- 
teid, and set down our average daily amount at 4 to 5 ounces. 
This amount I easily get from milk-proteid (I use Plasmon), 
cheese, nuts (often milled or in nut-foods), wholemeal bread, 
or biscuits, peas or haricot beans or lentils (sometimes) ; the 
other elements of food I obtain chiefly from fruits, but some- 
times from well-prepared vegetables. 

Stimulants such as tea I do not altogether avoid. I never 
have smoked for more than a few seconds ; all attempts have al- 
ways made me ill. I can eat slowly; for several days I gave 
my mouthfuls over sixty bites each. 

But to two practices I must adhere — to the deep full upward 
breathing through the nose; and also to the daily air-and-Iight- 
bath for the whole body, together with rubbing, self-massage, 
sharp exercises, and stretching exercises. One of the greatest 
shocks of my life was when I was performing thus on the sands 
near Hunstanton and suddenly say two undergraduates looking 
at me in fear and wonder from behind a rock. I now air-bathe 
in my bedroom. I can find no air-bath near London, queer 
London. 

As to exercise, I never lift or carry weights except when I 
go shopping with ladies — this I do rarely. I consider that most 
weight-lifting tends to slowness and stiffness. My movements 
are chiefly brisk and full. 

Equally important in my system is muscular relaxing; not 
mere stillness and not mere slackness, but freedom and econ- 
omy. 

Of course, in athletics we should relax most of the unused 
muscles. But I go further. I purposely relax my arms and 
hands, my legs and feet, my neck and spine. I relax my face, 
and smile (when I am alone). Why should I be tense and clench 
my fist.<5 and look almost as fierce as great American millionaires 



How to Play Lawn Tennis C^ 

and politicians do in their photographs? I cannot see a reason. 
So I try to look calm and not waste valuable energy in a worse 
than valueless way. 

During brainwork I almost invariably aim at repose of the 
muscles — open channels through which, as through unknotted in- 
dia-rubber pipes, the life-forces may smoothly flow. It is easiest 
to relax during the slow breathing outwards. It seems vital 
for me to relax both before and after great physical or mental 
efforts. That is a personal experience. Here, as with diet, I 
dare not suggest a law. I dare only suggest a plan worth trying. 
Experientia docct. Experience must be our teacher. By their 
fruits ye shall know them. If worry and anxiety be thus re- 
moved; have we not here the cheapest of all nerve sedatives? 

Water seems to me to have at least two distinctive functions. 
Warm water serves to soothe, and to cleanse. Let it be soft, 
whether it be rain-water or water distilled or else softened by 
oatmeal or some "salts," and let it be used with pure soap and 
friction. Cool or cold water serves to invigorate and harden. 
Cool or cold water should be used after warm water. The body 
may be sponged part by part, just as air-baths may be partial. 
And then should follow rubbing, and perhaps exercise, and 
certainly stretching of the limbs. How sadly we need it! 

Sandals may be worn whenever one has the courage. 

Though one of the greatest pleasures of my life was to have 
done over sixteen hours of hard brainwork in a day — once I 
reached eighteen — yet among the greatest pleasure I also reckon 
the consciousness of energy and endurance. I utterly disbelieve 
in the negative theory of health — that one should not be aware 
of the body. It ought to be a real joy to live. I love to feel 
each muscle tingle and thrill. I love to have to move briskly 
every now and then especially with the shoulders and the legs, 
from sheer vitality. Surely our healthy nerves should be to us 
a joy rivalling the joy from taste or music. 



OFFICIAL RULES FO R ALL ATHLETIC SPORTS. . 

The following list contains the Group and the Number of the book of 
Spalding's Athletic Library in which the rules wanted are contained. See 
front pages of book for complete list of Spalding's Athletic Library. 



Event. 



All-Round Athletic Cham- 
pionship 

A. A. U. Athletic Rules .... 

A. A. U. Boxing Rules 

A. A. U. Gymnastic Rules. . 

A. A. U. Water Polo Rules. 

A. .\. U. Wrestling Rules. . . 

Archery 

Badminton 

Base Ball 

Indoor 

Basket Ball, Official 

Collegiate 

Women's 

Water 

Basket Goal 

Bat Ball 

Betting 

Bowling 

Boxing — A. A. U., Marquis 
of Queensbury, London 
Prize Ring 

Broadsword (mounted) 

Caledonian Games 

Canoeing 

Children's Games 

Court Tennis 

Cricket 

Croquet 

Curling 

Dog Racing 

Fencing 

Foot Ball 

Code of Rules 

Association (Soccer) 

English Rugby 

Canadian 

Golf 

Golf -Croquet 

Hand Ball 

Hand Polo 

Hand Tennis 

Hitch and Kick 

Hockey 

Ice.... 

Field 

Garden 

Lawn 

Parlor 

Ring 

Ontario Hockey Ass'n. . . 

Indoor Base Ball 

Intercollegiate A. A. A. A. 

I.-C. Gymnastic Ass'n 

Lacrosse 

U. S. I.-C. Lacrosse League 



No. 



182 
311 
311 
311 
311 
311 
248 



Event, 



162 
55 
55 
23 
189 
194 

3 

138 

14 

55 

165 

2 

334 

2a 

55 

332 

5 
188 
13 
188 
194 
55 
304 

6 
154 
188 
188 
188 

55 
256 

9 
307 
333 
201 
337 



Lawn Bowls • 

Lawn Games 

Lawn Tennis 

Obstacle Races 

Olympic Game Events — Mar- 
athon Race, Stone Throw- 
ing with Impetus, Spear 
Throwing, HellenicMethod 
of Throwing Discus. Dis- 
cus. GreekStylef or Youths 

Pigeon Flying 

Pin Ball 

Playground Ball 

Polo ( Equestrian) 

i Polo, Rugby 

Polo, Water (A. A. U.) 

[Potato Racing . . 

Professional Racing, Shef- 
field Rules 

Public Schools Athletic 

League Athletic Rules. 

Girls' Branch; including 

Rules for School Games 

Push Ball 

Push Ball. Water 

Quoits 

i Racquets 

I Revolver Shooting 

I Ring Hockey 

Roller Polo 

I Roller Skating Rink 

Roque 

iRowing 

Sack Racing 

jShuffleboard 

Skating 

Skittles... 

Snowshoeing 

Squash Racquets 

] Swimming 

Tether Tennis 

Three- Legged Race 

Volley Ball 

Wall Scaling 

Walking 

Water Polo (American) 

Water Polo (English) 

Wicket Polo 

Wrestling 

Y. M. C. A. Ail-Round Test. 
Y. M. C. A. Athletic Rules. . 
Y. M. C. A. Hand Ball Rules. 
Y.M.C.A. Pentathlon Rules. 
Y.M.C.A. Volley Ball Rules. 



s'S^Ke THE SPALDING 




TRADEMARK "^rrf 



QUALITY 




HE SUCCESS we 
have met with in put- 
ting out this racket 
accompanied by the 
broadest guarantee 
ever given on an article of this 
kind is the best evidence as to 
the truth of our assertions re- 
garding the great care which 
we exercise in watching every 
detail of its manufacture. The 
racket is sold upon its own 
reputation and the Spalding 
Guarantee is your assurance 
of satisfaction. 

The difference between 
Styles A and B is in the additional strings reinforcmg the 
central portion of the latter. Handles 5 and 5k inches in circum- 
ference. Stringing of clearest and absolutely best quality lambs' 
gut. Tag attached to each racket, giving particulars of special in- 
spection. Each racket enclosed in special quality mackintosh cover. 
We use a dogwood insertion in shoulders, after proving to our 
satisfaction, by experience, that it is far superior to cane or 
other material for the purpose. '' 




NO.GM.' 



STYLE B STRINGING. 



Each, $8.00 



WE guarantee Lawn 
Tennis Rackets 
(or a period of 30 
days from date of pur- | 
chase bv the user. The \<;^ 
Guarantee Tag attached ^^'H 
to each Spalding Lawn 
Tennis Racket reads as follows: II 
this Racket proves defective in work- 
manship or material within 30 days 

date of purchase, please 
transportation charges prepaid, to any 
Spalding Store, and the defect will be 
rectified. Imperfectly strung Rackets 
will be restrung, and in the event of a 
broken frame due to workmanship or 
defective material, the Racket will be 
replaced. Notice.— This Guarantee 
does not apply to Rackets weighing 
less than 13 ounces. 



We urge that at the conclusion of 
play this Racket be rubbed dry. and 
when not in use be covered with a 
Waterproof Cover, placed in a 
Racket Press, and the gut occasion- 
ally varnished. 



1/EEP YOUR RACKET IN A 
HdRY place, otherwise 
** the Guarantee is Void. m. 



PROMPT ATTENTION GIVEN TO 
ANY COMMUNICATIONS 
' ADDRESSEfl TO ys 



A.G.SPALDING & BROS, 

STORES IN ALL LARGE CITIES 



FOR COMPLETE LIST OF STORES 

SEE INSIOE FRONT COVER 

OF THIS BOOK 



©to Uisffcet January ^ISIO^ ^uijKlJojhange viilhoui notice, for Canadian priftf 4se.J6««*' Canaian Calalegm 



|fel{IMtaJ!lid;;jJM^3)I^ 



GUARANTEES 
QUALITY 



Spalding pcrtcct ovai 

Hackett and Alexander 
Model Racket No.O€M 




A D E in the 
SPALDING 
"Perfect Oval" 
Model with walnut 
throat piece and dogwood rein- 
forcement. We claim that this 
is a scientifically perfect lawn 
tennis racket, and the experi- 
ence of two of the most success- 
ful of last season's players who 
used this racket in their most 
important matches ^oes far to 
prove the truth of our assertion. 

Handles 5 and 64 inches in circumference. 
Stringing of clearest and absolutely best qual- 
ity lambs' gxit. Each racket is enclosed in a 
special quality mackintosh cover. 

mi r\nnm Spalding "Perfect Oval" An a a 

No. OGM. P.L-.-1-. -.^ ALEXANDER $§.00 




Model Racket. 



Each, 




GUARANTEE 

WE guarantee Lawn Ten- 
nis Rackets for a period 
of 30 days (rom date of 
purchase by the user. The 
Guarantee Tag attached to each 
Spalding Lawn Tennis Racket 
reads as follows: If this Racket proves defect- 
ive in workmanship or material within 30 
days from date of purchase, please return, 
transportation charges prep.iid. to any Spald- 
ing Store, and the delect will be rectified. 
Imperfectly strung rackets will be restrung, 
and in the event of a broken frame due to 
workmanship or defective material, t h e 
Racket will be replaced. Notice.— This 
Guarantee does not apply to Rackets weigh- 
ing less than 13 ounces. 



We urge that at the conclusion of play this 
Racket be rubbed dry, and when not in 
use be covered with a Waterproof Cover, 
placed in a Racket Press, and the gut 
occasionally varnished. 

KEEP YOIR RACKET IN A DRY PLACE. 
olherwise the Guaranlee is V«id. 




PROMPT ATTENTION GIVEN TO 

ANr COMMUNICATIONS 

AOORESSED TO OS 



A. G.SPALDING &. BROS. 

STORES IN ALL LARGE CITIES 



FOR COMPUTI LIST OF STORES 
SEE INSIDE FRONT COVER 

OF THIS mi 



ejtit January 5,19 lU. 



I chtingc 



f-or Canadian pncei yce ipecial Canadian Calatfigut, 



StK?e THE SPALDING 



TRADEMARK ^r,Tv^^ 



QUALITY 




Pat. Jan. 3, 1905 



The Spalding Tennis Rackets 

•THE good points in the following rackets can be vouched for by some of the most successful of last season's 

players. In all of them quality of material and workmanship is superb and perfect balance assured. 

Pach frame made of finest white ash. highly pol 



shed; combed Spanish cedar handle, leather capped. 

Model ex. Gold Medal shape. Taped^houlders; 
'strung with best lambs' gut. This racket is equal 
to the be^t of any other make. Each, S6.Q.O 

Model DH. Hand- made throughout and strung 
with special quality lambs' gut Modeled after 
style racket used exclusively by some of the 
greatest players in the world. Made with extra 
stringing in central portion of racket, 06. OO 

No.* 1 1 . The Tournament. Taped shoulders ; 
strung with good quality lambs' gut A very 
popular model. Each, S4.00 

fiSi 8. The Slocom. Oval shape, good quality 
&ame, strung with special Oriental gut A very 
superior racket at a moderate price. Extra string- 
ing-in central portion of racket Each, S3.6Q 




o=> GUARANTEE 

We guarantee Lawn Tennis Rapkets for a period of 
30 days (rem date of purchase by the user The Guar- 
antee Tag attached to each Spalding Lawn Tennis 
Racket reads as follows : If this Racket proves de- 
fective in workmanship or material within 30 days from date of 
purchase, please return, transportation charges prepaid, to any 
Spalding Store, and the defect will be rectified Imperfectly 
strung Rackets will be restrung. and in the event of a broken 
frame due to workmanship or defective material, the Racket 
will be replaced 

NOTICE 

This Guarantee does not apply to Rackets weighing less than 
13 ounces. 



We urge that at the conclusion of play this Racket be 
rubbed dry, and when not in use be covered with a Water- 
proof Cover, placed in a Racket Press, and the gut occa- 
sionally varnished 

Keep Tour Racket In a Dry Place, Otherwise 
The Guarantee Is Void. 



PROMPT AnENTION GIVEN TO I 
. ANY COMMONICATIONS 
ADDIIESSED TO US 



A. G.SPALDING &. BROS, 

STORES IN ALL LARGE CITIES 



FOR COMPLETE LIST OF STORES 
SEE INSIDE FRONT COVER 
OF THIS BOOK 



fijccj iaiffecl January 5, 1310^ Subject. I 9 ahgnge without nolki For Canadian pacu s<e jpetfo/ Canadian Catalogue. 



ASSUME SPALDING 




The Spalding Tennis Rackets 



GUARANTEE /^^ 

We guarantee Lawn Tennis Rackets U/f^^^^ 
for a period o( 30 days (rom date of I Ul5!£!!jb/7 
purchase by the user. The Guarantee VX^^fV/ 
Tag attached to each Spalding Lawn ^5^iiJS^ 
Tennis Racket reads as follows: If 
this Racket proves defective in workmanship or 
material within 30 days from date of purchase, 
please return, transportation chargesprepaid.loany 
Spalding Store, and the defect will be rectified. Im- 
perfectly strung Rackets will be restrung, and in 
the event of a broken frame due to workmanship or 
defective material, the Racket will be replaced. 

NOTICE 




No. 7. The Oval. Oval shape, good quality white ash 

frame, strung with special Oriental gut Made with extra 

stringing in central portion of racket. . Each, 89. 60 

<?=*=s> g===5 p «===J) 

•yHE following rackets are all excellent quality. Frames 

of the finest selected white ash, highly polished, with 

combed Spanish cedar handle, leather capped; stringing of 

good quality Oriental gut. 
No. 6. The Lakeside. . . ... Each, 83. OO 

No. 4. The Greenwood. ... " 2.00 

No. 3. The Geneva. ... " 1 -OO 


This Guarantee does not apply to Rackets weigh- 
ing less than 13 ounces. 




Spalding Junior Cliampion Racket 

Made particularly for juvenile use. with small grip and 
in weights from 10 to 12 ounces inclusive, only. Frame 
of selected white ash, highly polished Oriental gut 
stringing. A good playing racket for boys and girls. 
No. OJ. Each, 82. OO 


We urge that at the conclusion of play this 
Racket be rubbed dry, and when not in use be 
covered with a Waterproof Cover, placed in a 
Racket Press,and the gut occasionally varnished. 
« Keep Your Racket in a Dry Place, 

Otherwise Tlie Guarantee is Void. 




[1 PROMPT ATTENTION GIVEN TO 
IJ tANY COMMUNICATIONS 
|1 ^ ADDRESSED TO US 


AG. SPALDING &, BROS. 

STORES IN ALL LARGE CITIES 


FOR COMPIETE LIST OF stores] 

SEE INSIDE FRONT COVER 1 

OF THIS BOOK 1 


— -Bices inject J 


ana^ry5.l9IU. Suhjecl 


to 


cha 


ige wilhoul notice - For Canadian frifti jtt social C 


anadiqn Cataipgut. 



ACCEPT NO juc CDAI niMPffff'^fllTDAnr.MADU' GUARANTEES 

SUBSTITUTE I nt5rALUlrlbl^\^|P; I KAULM^ quality 



Spalding Championship 



Tennis Ball I perfect 



INFLATION 
COVERING 

SEWING 





ON the record made by 
the Spalding Cham- 
pionship Tennis Ball so far 
we are willing to base our 
claims for superiority, and 
wherever the ball is used, 
either in a tournament or 
regular play, we are certain 
our judgment will be con- 
firmed. Absolutely best in 
every particular of manufac- 
ture and made by people who 
have been in our employ, 
many of them, for twenty 
years and over, we place the 
Spalding Championship Ten- 
nis Ball before the most 
critical clientele in the ath- 
letic world with perfect con- 
fidence that it will give ab- 
solute satisfaction. 

No. 00. Per dozen. $5.00 



Wright & DitsoD 
■.Championship Tennis Ball 

No. 5. So well known that com- 
ment as to its qualities is unneces- 
sary Per dozen , $ 5 . 5 O 
Oti orders for NOT less than 
1 gross. ' ~ Per gross. $60.00 

Toarnament Tennis B.all 

No. O. In the manufacture of the 

Spalding Championship Ball only 

those which are absolutely per- 
fect in every particular are allowed to pass, and the "culls" or "throw-outs" are stamped simply 
Tournament and do not bear the Spalding Trade-Mark. These balls will answer for practice or_ 
for children's use but should not be used for match play. Per dozen, $3.60 





PROMPT ATTENTION GIVEN TO I 

ANY COMMUNICATIONS 

ADDRESSED TO US 



A. G.SPALDING &. BROS. 

STORES IN ALL LARGE CITIES 



FOR COMPLETE LIST OF STORES 
SEE INSIDE FRONT COVER 
OF THIS BOOK ' 



©<«« Imffcd lanuary 5,1310^ ^ubieclJujMangt: uiilhwt nolke FqjiCanadiqn £rtej j^e^Kwa/ C<ma«iiwi CataJgguc 



sSSte THE SPALDING 




No. T No. 2 No. 14 No. GM 

}Jo. O. Brown and mixed colored canvas cover, full siz©. Each, 9 .36 

No. I. Soft felt cover, full size -OO 

No. 2. Good quality moleskin cover; well made and full size. 1 .OO 

No. GM. Good quality mackintosh material, and same exactly as we fur- 
nish with our Gold Medal Rackets. . . . Each, 8 1 .OO 
No, I 4. Canvascover, neatly bound, with extra pocket to hold balls, i .OO 
No. 6. Stiff leather, for one racket . . Each, 6.00 
No. 7. Stiff leather, for two rackets, " 7.00 




English Leather Tennis Ba^ 




No. 1 2. Made of special quality leatheir and 
with compartments to hold rackets, balls 
and suit Each. «ia.OO 




Rubber Handle Cover 



No. 3. For covering racket 

handles to secure a better grip. Made of pure gum rubber, 

corrugated. Will give excellent satisfaction. _Each, 60c. 

Rubber Adhesive Tape for Racket Handle Grip 



No. A. Made especially for this purpose. 
Piece 4 feet long in individual box. 



1 inch wide. 
Each, lOc. 



Varnish to Preserve Stringing 

Apply immediately after playing, as it takes a little tim.e to 
dry thoroughly. 2 ounce bottle of special quality varnish, 
complete with good brush in box. Per bottle, 25c. 

Spalding Lawn Tennis Score Books 

Official Lawn Tennis Score Book, papef cover, 16 sets'. I Oc. 
Extra Tennis Score Cards, 4 sets. P^^pzen, lOc. 



Rackets Restnmg 

We make a special- 
ty of restringing 
rackets of every 
known nuike. The 
work is done by our 
most scientifio 
stringers, and none 
but first quality gut 
is used. When sending 
rackets to us to be re^ 
strung be sure to pre- 
pay charges on the 
package and mark with 
your name and address. 
Write us underaeparate 
cover full particulars 
regarding restringing. 

Oriental Gut, White only. 

Each, 8 1 .CO 

No. 2. Lambs' Gut, White only. 

Each, 8I.60 

Best Lambs' Gut, White 

j:ach, 82. BO 

Special E;cpert Stringing, . 

White only. Each, 83. OO 

Racket Presses 

The most effective press in use 

to-day. Rackets should be kept 

in one of them when not in use 

to prevent warping, especially 

when they have been exposed to 

moisture or used at the seashore. 

No. 1 R. For one racket 8 I .OO 

No. 6R. Superior quality. Made 

of finely polishea walnut with 

brass fittings. Suitable for 

either one or two rackets. 

Each, 82. OO- 

Spalding "Club*' Racket Press 

Invaluable for Clubs Conducting Toumamenii. 
No. C-P. This isa most substantial affair an4 
is arranged for any number of rackets up 
to 24. The proper 
thing for clubs 
where it is necessary 
to keep a number 
of rackets in proper 

9 all the time. 

Each. 825. OO 



No. I 



No. 3. 

only. 
No. 4. 



PROMPT ATTENTION GIVEN TO I 

ANY COMMUNICATIONS 

ADDRESSED TO US 



A. G.SPALDING & BROS. 

STORES IN ALL LARGE CITIES 




{ January 5, 1910. Suhjecl h change icilhout notice. For Canadian prices fee special Canadian CataJpguc 



\ 



St!1?e THE SPALDING 



•TRADEMARK TuALTrf 



Spalding Hand Made Nets 



We recommend most sfrondly 
our hand made nets. Quality 
of material and >vorkmanshlp 
is absolutely the best, and they are well worth many times the additional cost 
over the ordinary machine made styles on account of their greater durability. If 
posts are placed jiist 42 or 36 feet apart, nets will fit exactly when drawn taut« 



Patented April 9, I8SB 




Cut Shows Donble Center Net with No. A Posts and No. 3-0 Center Sinp . 



These have double twine knitted together from 11 to 13 feet, according to the size of the net. Will 

outlast two or more ordinary nets. 

White, 21 Thread, Double Court. each f] White. 15 Thread, Double Court. EACH 

No. 3D. 42 ft. X 3 ft, double center 13 ft. 96. 50 No. 3C. 42 ft. x 3 ft, double center 13 ft 94.60 

Na 2D. 36 ft X 3 ft, double center 11 ft 6. CO ti No. 2C. 36 ft x 3 ft., double center 11 ft 4.00 



Spalding Canvas Bound Nets NOT Couble Center 

Top bound xvith heavy 2-inch canvas strip. 
Na SB. Double Court, hand made, 42 ft x3 ft., 21 thread, white. . , ^ 
No. 2B. Double Court, hand made, 36 ft. x3 ft, 21 thread, white. . ^ » 



Spalding Machine Made Nets 



Each, S4.60 
4.0Q 




Top and bottom bound with heavy cotton rope—White. 
No." I. Single Court, 27 ft , 12 thread. Each^Sl.OO 
No. a. Double Court, 36 ft, 15 thread. 1 .25 

Na 8. Double Court, 42 ft , 15 thread, I . BO 



Cut Shows Canvas Bound Net with No. C Posts and No. 2-0 Center Slrff 

Top bound tvith heavy 2-inch canvas strip— White. 

No. 2 A. Double Court, 36 ft, 15 thread. Each, S 1 .75 

I No. 3 A. Double Court, 42 ft . 16 thread. 2.00 



MOMPT AnENTION GIVEN TO 

ANY COMMUNICATIONS 

ADDRESSEO TO US 



A. G. SPALDING & BROS, 

STORES IN ALL LARGE CITIES 



FOR COMPLETE LIST OF STORES 

SEE INSIDE FRONT COVER 

OF THIS BOOK 



©<<»» in_sfftct January 5.1910^ SubjecUojJ^anse viilhoal nqfitt. For^Qanadianfricajte^tgecial Canadian dlaJpgu 



sSbSe THE SPALDING 



TRADEMARK ^'^uTrf 



SPALDING CLUB NETS ^"i^T^^^ 



BLACK NETS supplied by us were used in some of the most important tournaments last season and gave 
perfect satisfaction. Players appreciate the advantage which a black net gives in showing out the 
■white ball more distinctly while playing. Nets are dyed with fast coloring matter and by a special process 
which adds to their durability. Bound at top with a doubled band, of 8 ounce white duck, 2 inches wide and 
equipped with heavy tarred manila ropes at top and bottom. 




Cut sboHS Clob Net with No. B PosU and N«. 3-0 Ccnitr Strs). 



Spalding Clnb Nets -Black Twine 
(Hand Made) 

No. a-0. 36 ft. X 3^ ft. 21 thread, double center 

11 ft, black twine, hand made Each, S7.00 

No. 3-0. 42 ft X 3*4 ft. 21 thread, double center 

13 ft, black twine, hand made Each.S7.50 

No. 4-0. 36 ftx3% ft., 30 thread, single center, black 

twine, hand made. . Each,$7.00 

No. 6-0. 42ftx3'i ft., 30 thread, single center, black 

twine, hand made. . Each,$7.50 



Spalding Tarred Nets 

These tarred nets are hand made, bound with 10 ounce 

duck at top. Full measurement as listed below. 
No. 6-0. 33 ft. x 3*i ft, 21 thread Each, $7. BO 
No. 7-0. 42ft. 6in.x3'4ft,21thread. " 9.00 



We supply lengths of *f-inch galvan- 
ized steel cable, consisting of five 
, strands of seven wires each, twisted 
tightly, but very pliable, to be used 
instead of regular manila top rope, 
arranged with metal loop at each 
end and loop-spliced manila rope to 
fasten to posts. This is the most 
satisfactory and durable style of top rope made and 
is used on the courts of the most prominent chibs in 
this country. (« . . . £actu$<)'60 




Spalding Twine Nets for Backstops 

No. 4. Machine Made, White, 50 feet long, 7 feet 
high, 9 thread. . Each, 82. 60 

No. 6. Machirie Made, White,' 50 feet long, 8 feet 
high, 12 thread. Each, S3. BO 

No. 5X. Tarred, Machine Made, 50 feet long. 8 feet 
high, 12 thread. Each, S4.00 




Spalding Backstop Post 

No. BS. Backstop Post only; wooden. Each, 8 1 .20 

Spalding Guy Ropes and Pegs 

No. 3. For use with Backstop Posts ; cotton ropes, 
fancy pegs. For one pair of Posts. Pecafit 80o. 



PROMPT ATTENTION GIVEN TO I 

ANT COMMUNICATIONS 
^ AOORESSEDTOUS 



A.G.SPALDING & BROS. 

STORES IN ALL LARGE CITIES 



FOR COMPLETE LIST OF STORES 

SEE INSIDE FRONT COVER 

OF THIS BOOK 



'i'fKci in e£ecl January 5, 1910.^ Suhjecl lo <J}angc uiithoul nolicc. For Canadian fjicti »<« Jptcifl/ CanaSan Calahgu 



THESPALDING(^)TRADEMARK 



GUARANTEES 
QUALITY 



Spalding 



Spalding 

''Championship" 

Tennis Posts 

This style post is really the 
most practical ever made and 
is in use on the courts of the 
most prominent clubs 
in this country. 

The uprights are 
made of heavy 2-inch 
japanned iron piping, 
pointed at lower end 
so as to go 24 inches 
into ground and equip- 
ped with wheel at top. 
Ratchet for tighten- 
ing net is of an im- 
proved style, neat in 
appearance but with 
a particularly strong 
leverage. Iron hooks 
and cleats for fasten- 
ing ropes. 



One of the special 
features of this style 
post, outside of the 
ratchet, is the method 
of ensuring absolute 
rigidity when net is in 
position. By means of triple 
claw clutches, made of heavy 
wrought iron, there can be 
no shifting or shaking once 
they are placed in position, 
and the tighter the net is 
drawn the more rigid the 
posts become. 
No. A. . Per pair, S20.00 



y^j^\j^jiJj 



Lawn Tennis Posts* 




SPALDING 

"AUTO-LOG" 

TENNIS POSTS 

Fitted with Patented "Anto-Loc" 
Tightening Ratchet 

These are absolutely the highest 
grade wooden posts made. We rec- 
ommend them especially for private 
courts or wherever it is desirable to 
remove posts after play is finished. 
The "Auto-Lxjc" tightening ratchet 
is a patented device which permits 
the closest adjustment in tighten- 
ing and regulating the height of the 
net, and locks automat- 
icaly and instantly as 
soon as released. 

The spade-shaped 
iron sockets with 
which these posts are 
equipped are driven 
into the ground in the 
proper position for the 
posts, which are fitted 
with iron bases termm- 
ating in square iron 
extensions which fit ex- 
actly the sockets m 
the spade bases and 
keep the posts abso- 

)- lutely rigid when 
placed in position 
When posts are re- 
moved from sockets 
there is no project- 
ing obstruction ^and 

we furnish a 

block of wood 

to be inserted 

in the hole in 

each socket as^ 

soon as the 

posts are taken 

up. We also 

famish hooks 

with handles 

for removing 

sockets from 

ground when- 
ever it may be 

necessary to 

do so. 

No.AL. Pair, $18. OO 




The 

Spalding "Club" 

Tennis Posts 

To ensure absolute 
rigidity, a prime 
requisite in a ten- 
nis post, it is really 
necessary that 
some part of the 
post itself should 
go into the ground, 
Our "Club" Ten- 
'^ nis posts are made 
on this principle 
and of best quality 
2i-in. square ash, 
nicelypolishedand., 
, varnished, equip- 
|:||,i| ped with japanned 
• J braces so as to 
'1 make posts ab- 
11 solutely 

^^^^9 rigid, and 
when set 
in position the 
posts extend 30 
inches into the 

^ ^ ground. 

We call particular atten 
tion to the extra heavy brass 
ratchet with which we equip 
this style post. It is made 
after an English design and 
is the same as supplied by 
our London House to some 
of the best clubs in Great 
Britain. 

No. B. ^ 

Per pair, $10-00 



ig^OT^U,. 



PROMPT AHENTION GIVEN TO 
^ ANY COMMUNICATIONS 
^ ADDRESSEQ.TO US 



A. G.SPALDING &. BROS. 

STORES IN ALL LARGE CITIES 



FOR COMPLETE LIST Of STORES 

SEE INSIDE FRONT COVER 

OP THIS BOOH 



'Sticti uieffttl January 5, I9L0^ ^ubiecUoJiange miboMl notice. F^ Canadian grtPSJjeejeee/o/ Canadian Colalpgue. 



sSbSe THE SPALDING 



TRADEMARK TuALilv 



A properly equipped Lawn Tennis Court needs properly made Posts, 
something more than two sticks of wood 



Spalding 

•'Casino" 
Tennis Posts 

No. C. Extra heavy 
square wood post, 
painted red and nice- 
ly varnished and 
striped. Pulley 
wheel at top of each 
post to take top cord 
of net, and reel of 
improved pattern, to 
tighten net, 
, attached to one 
post. Has extra 
heavy japanned iron 
brackets to steady 
post and extends 
inches into the 
No. c ground when set up. 
Per pair, S7.60 



Guy Ropes and Pegs 




for Tennis Nets 

Cotton ropes, plain 
pegs. Set, 26c 

No. 2. Cotton ropes, 
plain pegs. 

Per set, 50c. 
No. 3. Cotton ropes, fancy pegs. 
{No. Swill Per set, 85c. 
answer for Backstop Nets.' 



No. I. 



Spalding 
Tennis Poles 

No. E. Finely polished, 
solid, spiked tennis 
poles. Packed complete 
with guy ropes and pegs. 

Per pair, S2.00 . 
No. F. Good quality solid 
p tennis poles. Packed com- 
plete with guy ropes and 
pegs. Per pair, $1.00 



No. E 



Indoor Tennis Poles 

No. G. Made with iron 
base and spike to fit into 
iron plates in the floor. 
Complete with plates, tees, 
guy ropes and everything 
necessary for setting up. 

Per pair, $2.60 No. G 



Spalding 
"Side Line" Tennis Posts 

No. SL. By using these posts it is 
possible on a court laid out with posts 
and net for ' ' doubles ' ' to put the net 
at the proper height for a single 
court game and that without taking 
down net or removing regular double 
court posts. ' Per pair, 75c. 



Canvas Center Strap 



No. 2-0. This device for holding 
center of net at regulation height, 
three feet, is vastly superior to the 
ordinary center iron, does not chafe 
the net, and cannot possibly cause 
the ball to glance off and strike out 
of court. Each, « I. CO 

No. 3-0. Tournament Pattern, same as No. 2-0, only fitted with a 
turnjbuckle, with which^height of net can be adjusted to a hair. Very 




Spalding 

Tennis Posts 

No. D. Square post 
of wood, handsomely 
painted in red with 
black striping; jap- 
anned iron bracket 
braces to steady 
poles, which are in- 
serted 24 inche 
into the 
ground. No 
guy ropes are 
necessary with these 
tennis posts. 

Per pair, S4.00 



Reels for Tennis Posts 

No. L. 
Autoloc " Pat- 
ented Reel for 
Tennis Posts. 
Made with auto- 
No. L matic locking' 
ratchet device, which makes it 
possible to adjust height of net 
to a hair and locks automatically 





at place set. 



Each, $6.00 



desirable for tournament or match games. 



No. R. Regulation style, jap. 

anned finish, wooden handle. 

Each, SI .50 



Ho. 2. 



Iron Center Forks 

Good quality, iron fork. 



Pulleys and Axles 

No. O. Japanned pulleys, com. 

plete with axles, for top of ten. 

^fiach. SI.OO No. 2 nisposts,^^ ^er pair, 39o. 



n 



PROMPT ATTENTION GIVEN TO I 

ANY COMMUNICATIONS 

ADDHESSEO TO US 



A. G. SPALDING & BROS. 

STORES IN ALL LARGE CITIES 



FOR COMPLETE LIST Of STORES 

SEE INSIDE FRONT COVER 

OF THIS BOOK 



'Pitca incjfenl January 5,I9IC 



ubject lo change without notice. For CunaJiun prittj ^c ipecial Cunodian Calai^^u 



^S^Ke THE SPALDING 



TRADE-MARK tuTrf 




Columbia Tennis Marlcer 

For Grass Courts only. 

No. I. Makes a clean even ribbon line, 
with contact in full view Each, $5.00 

Duplex Tennis Marker 

For Grass ConrU only. 

No. O. A practical wet marker at a 

moderate price. Simple in construction, 

easy to operate and substantially made. 

Each, $3.50 



Spalding Dry Tennis Markers 

Vor Dirt Coarts only. 

No. 3. No mixing of material. Uses marble 
dust and slaked lime, etc. Made substantially 
of iron, nicely japanned. The best dry tennis 
marker made. Each, $2.00 

No. 2. Same as No. 3. but smaller size and 
lighter material. Each, $ I .OO 





Spalding Portable Marking Tapes 

No. 3, For Single Court, 100 
staples and pins, Set, $3.50 
No. 4. For Double Court. 200 
staples and 14 pins. Set, S4^00 
No. 6. For Double Court, extra quality canvas, complete with 200 
Staples and 14 pins. . , ., Per set, $6.00 

No. & Extra Staples. ... Per 100. .60 

Spalding Marking Plates 

For permanently marking the angles of a court. Made of malleable 
iron and painted white. A set consists of eight 
r x»v corner and two T pieces. 

I ^V \5> No. I . With separate pins. Perset. $l,00 
• ^ • No. 2. With wedge pins attached " I.50 





Spalding 
Wet Spray" 
Tennis 

Marker 



For Graa» 
Courts 

•my. 




No. X. 
Simple but 
effective. Flow 
of liquid under 
instant control 
from handle. 
Makes an even 
line of uniform 
width. No ribbon; 
liquid flows directly 
on wheel. 



Each, $5.00 



'1^^ 



Per set, $ I .OO 



Spalding Tether Tennis Game 

No. I . Tether Tennis Ball and Cord, regular tennis ball with 
twine knitted cover). Each, $ I .CO 

No. O. Tether Tennis Ball and Cord, liglit filled ball with canvas] 
cover and loop Made specially for playground use Each. S I .CO ) 

No. 2. Tether Pole. 14 feet « .7 5 

No. TP. Tether Pole. 12 feet above ground. Galyanized steel pole. 
Made specially for playground use. . . Each, $ I O.OO 

No. 6. Marking Ropes for circle and dividing line, with staples. 

Spalding "Patent Angle" Steel Measuring Tapes 

Especially adapted for laying out tennis courts and all kinds 
of athletic fields. With this tape one person can easily secure 
accurate right angles, yet the tape is equ»l to any 
other for straight measuring also. Complete 
directions showing how to obtain accurate right 
angles furnished with every tape. Enclosed 
in hard leather case, flush handles, all mount- 
ings nickel-plated. Accuracy guaranteed. 
No. A. 50 feet. Each, S4.00 \ No. B, 





100 feeU 



£acb. S9.76 



PHOMPTHTUNTIONGiyENrOl 

m COMMUNICATIONS 

ADDRESSED TOUS 



A. G.SPALDING & BROS. 

STORES IN ALL LARGE CITIES 



FOR COMPltU LIST OF STOfiES 

SEE INSIDE FRONT COVE" 

OF THIS BOOH 



"Pnoo m e/e<;( jamani 5,1910 Subje 



change I 



[it notice.. For Canadian prjixsjte s^al Can a d i an Catahgu 




iDiirMiiaL^MNi 



GUARANTEES 
QUALITY 



Spalding Lawn Tennis Slioes 





No. AH. High cut, russet leather, with best red rubber 
flat sole. Hand sewed and of absolutely best grade 
material throughout. Per pair, S5.50 



No. A. Low cut, russet leather, with best red 
i-ubber flat sole. Hand sewed, quality same as 
No. AH Per pair. S5.00 





NO..CH 



No. c 



No. CH. High cut, best white ..:. 
vas, fine quality white rubber flat 
sole. Hand sewed. Pair, S.5.00 



-\ . C. Low cut, best white can- 
vas, fine quality white rubber flat 
sole. . Per pair, $3.50 



No. D. Low <:ut, white canvas, 
red rubber flat sole. 

Per pair, SI.60 



Spalding Sweat Band Useful for players who are obliged to wear eye glasses 
and who are troubled in play with perspiration dropping; on them and blurring the 
vision. Used by some of the most prominent players, No. I ._Each, _50o. 



PROMPT UTTENTION GIVEN TO I 

ANY COMMUNICATIONS 

ADDRESSED TO US 



A. G.SPALDING &. BROS. 

STORES IN ALL LARGE CITIES 



FOR COMPLETE LIST OF STORES 

SEE INSIDE FRONT COVER. 

OF THIS BOOK 



I effect Januan^ 5, 1910. Suhjecl to (Jiange without notice. For^ Canadian friges jee special Canadian Calalpgu 



ASSUME SPALDING 



TRADEMARK "^Sf 



Spalding Squash Tennis 




Players in the United 
States are rapidly com- 
ing to the conclusion 
that it is not necessary 
to send to the other side 
for Squash Rackets. 
The leading players are 
now using Spalding 
goods with general sat- 
isfaction, and we look 
for a still further in- 
crease in the number of 
users this season owing 
to certain improvements 
introduced into the de- 
tails of manufacture. 

»~' Spalding Squash Tennis Rackets .^..~»^..«»~«.*««o 

The heads of these rackets have been changed slightly to a more rounded shape. Frames 

of the finest selected white ash, bound at shoulders, finished with rounded edges, high polish. 

No. I 8. Strung with white oriental gut, patent rubber "abrasive" grip. . .,. Each, $3.00 

No. 19. Strung with best white lambs' gut, combed cedar handle " 3.60 

Na 20. Strung with best white lambs' ^ut, patent rubber "abrasive" grip. . .. " 4.00 

Spalding Squash Tennis Balls 

Are finest quality material and workmanship throughout. It will pay you to try them if you are not already 
familiar with their good points. The idea of the (overspim) cover, knitted on the ball and with no seams 

to rip, is original with us and is a valuable improvement. 
No. O. Spalding Championship Overspun Squash Tennis Balls (Patented.) White or Green covering. 

Per dozen, $7.20 

Spalding Squash Racquets 

17. Bats made of finest selecte'^ ash; strung with best quality ~ 

-— , _ gut ; grip wound with white 

^* m^m-^^^^ kid ; best grade throughout. \. 
"Each, $5.00 
Imported best quality I'Vie inch rubber balls; black. " .25 

Spalding Superior Squash Shoe 

No. BG. Low cut, with special fine 
white buck uppers and pure Para rubber 
flat sole, hand sewed and superior quality 
throughout. Best and most satisfactory 
Squash Shoe made. Per pair^ S7..50 

Spalding Squash Tennis Shoe 

No. AG. Low cut, mauve buck leather 
uppers, reinforced with red leather, and 
pure Para rubber flat sole, provided with 
a suction arrangement on the bottom to 
secure a good footing. Absolutely high 
grade throughout., "^Per pair, $6.00 






PROMPT mENTION GIVEN TO I 

ANY COMMUNICATIONS 

ADDRESSEO TO US 



A. G.SPALDING &. BROS 

STORES IN ALL LARGE CITIES 




no* iiit^SLt January 5,1910. iu^«:( lo change milhoul notice. * For Canadian fhctsjee special Canadian Calalfigui. 



ACCEPT NO 
SUBSTITUTE 



I!l«yi1ll]| 



Diirand-Steel] 
Lockers^ 




— »yrc< — 

Wooden lockers are objectionable* 

because they attract vermin, absorb odora, 
can be easily broken into, and are dangerous 
on account of fire. 

Lockers made from wire mesh 6t 
expanded metal afford little secur* 
lty,as they can be easily entered with wire cut* 
ters. Clothes placed in them become covered 
with dust, and the lockers themselves present 
a poor appearance, resembling animal cages 
Dnrand-Steel Lockers are made of finest 
grade furniture steel and are finished with 
gloss black, furnace-baked japan (400°), comparable 
to that used on hospital ware, which will never flake 
off nor require refinishing, as do paints and enamels. 




Some 
Public 




•U b*9ll«r* In Doubl* Tl«» 



Thr*« Lookers In SIngI* Tl«r 



of ihh d,0 Durand-Steel Lockers Installed In tM 
Cymnasiums or Chicago. I2»x IB'x 4a», Double Tier, 

Durand-Steel Lockers are usually built with 
doors perforated full length in panel design with sides 
and backs solid. This prevents clothes in one locker 
from coming in contact with wet garments 
in adjoining lockers, while plenty of venti* 
lation is secured by having the door perfo> 
rated its entire length, but, if the purchaser 
prefers, we perforate tke backs also. ,.- 

The cost of Durand-Steel Locker* 
is no more than that of flrst-clasa 
wooden lockers, and they last as long 
as the building, are sanitary, secure, and, 
in addition, are fire-proof. 

The following Standard Sizes arb 

those most commonly used: 

double tier sinclc tier 

12x12x36 Inch 12 x 12x00 Ineh 

iBxiBxSeinch IBxlBxOOInch 

13x12x42 Inch l2xl2x7ainoh 

IB X IB X 42 Inch IBxlBx72lnoh 

Special Sizes made to order. 
We are handling lockers as a special co^- 
^tract business, and shipment will in every 
case be made direct from the factory in 
Chicago. If you will let us know the num- 
ber of lockers, size and arrangement, we 
shall be glad to take up, through eorr^ 
spondence, the ouitter of prices, 



PROMPT ATTENTION GIVEN TO I 

ANYCOMMUNIIMTIONS., 

ADDRESSED TO US " 



A. G. SPALDING &. BROS. 

STORES IN ALL LARGE CITIES 



FOR COMPLETE LIST OF STORES 
SEE INSIDE FRONT COVER 
OF THIS BOOK 



'&ice> irieffccl January 5,1910. Subject lo change wilhoul notice. For Canadian piica see special Canadian CalaJf^uc 



THE SPALDINGi^^?^TRADE-MARK 

GUARANTEES IUfelb| ACCEPT NO 
^-^ QUALITY Xgr"i2^ SUBSTITUTE ^ 




The Spalding Official 
Intercollegiate Foot Ball 

No.J5. This is the only Official 
Rugby Foot Ball, and is used in 
every important match played 
in America. Guaranteed abso- 
lutely if seal of box is unbroken. 
We pack, with leather case and 
pure Para rubber bladder, an 
inflater, lacing needle and raw- 
Uidelace. Complete, $5. OO 



Hie Spalding Official 
Basket Ball 



No. M . Officially adopted and 
standard. The cover is ma(?e 
in four sections, with caples;3 
ends and of the finest and most 
carefully selected pebble grain 
English leather. We take the 
entire output of this high grade 
of leather from the English 
tanners, and in the Official Bas- 
ket Ball use the choicest parts 
of each hide. The bladder is 
made specially for this ball of 
extra quality Para rubber. Each 
ball packed complete in sealed 
box. Complete, $6.00 

The Spalding Official 
Association Foot BalS 

No. L ■ The case is construo 
ted in four sections with cap- 
less ends, neat in appearance 
and very serviceable. Materia? 
and workmanship of highest 
quality and fully guaranteed. 
Each ball is packed complete in 
sealed box, with pure Para rub- 
ber guaranteed bladder, foot 
ball inflater, rawhide lace and 
lacing needle. Contents guar- 
anteed if seal is unbroken. 

Complete, $5.00 



ll 


< 


nominunications addressed to 






Montreal 
Canada 


A. G. SPALDING & BROS. 

In any of the following cities will receive attention 


London 
England 




For street nnmbera see inside front cover of thla book. 




New York 
Buffalo 


Boston 
Plttsbnr0 
Baltimore 


PhUadelphia 
Washington 
New Orleans 


Chicago 

Cleveland 

Delrolt 


Cincinnati 

Kansas City 

St. louis 


San Francisco 1 

DcnvitT "^ 1 

MinneapoUs 1 



IV i — » <^ tffttt Juta ^ i90^ Subject to ehnno*' v» 'hf»j , 



i 






GUARANTEES 
^^ QUALITY 




Spalding 
Official 
,„ '([;/r/i?/Jr/ 1 National 

REG. U. 6, 

Ball 




REG. U. 6. PAT. or 



OFFICIAL BALL 
OF THE GAME 

FOR OVER 
THIRTY YEARS 



Adopted by the 
National Leagrue in 
1878, and the only 
ball used in Cham- 
pionship ^ames 
since that time. Each ball wrapped in tinfoil, packed in a separate box, 
and sealed in accordance with the latest League regulations. Warranted 
to last a full game when used under ordinary conditions. 

No. 1. Each, $1.25 Per dozen, $15.00 



London, 
' England 


A. G. 


* X^omnxuntcalions addressed to 

SPALDING & BROS. 


EdlnbuiSiJ 
Scotland 1 


Birmingham 
England 


«n any of the following cities will receive attention. , 
For slreel numbers see inside front cover of Ihh book- ^ 


A%5.| 


New York 
Boston 

Syracuse 
Buffalo 


Philadelphia 
Pittsburg 
Baltimore 
Montrea 


Washington 

Atlanta 
New Orleans 
, Canada 


Chicago 
Cincinnati 
Cleveland 
Columbus 


St. Louis 

Kansas City 

Denver 

Detroit 


San Francisco! 

Seattle 1 

Minneapolis 1 

St. Paul 1 



^Ticei in effect January 5, 1910 Subject to change without notice. 



1HE loliowing selection of items Irom their latest Catalogue will give an 
idea of the great variety of ATHIETIC GOODS manufactured by A. G. 
SPALDING & BROS. SEND FOR A FREE COPY. 



Archery 
Bags- 
Bat 
. Cricket 
Striking 
Uniform 
Balls- 
Base 
Basket 
Cricket 
Field Hockey 
Foot, College 
Foot. Rugby 
Foot, Soccer 
Golf 
Hand 
Indoor 
Medicine 
Playground 
Squash 
Tennis 
Volley 
Water Polo 
Bandages. Elastic 
Bathing Suits 
Bats- 
Base Ball 
Cricket 
Belts 
Caps- 
Base Ball 
University 
Water Polo 
Chest Weights 
Circle, Seven-Foot 
Coats, Base Ball 
Collars, Swimming 
Corks, Running 
Covers, Racket 
Cricket Goods 
Croquet Goods 
Discus, Olympic 
Dumb Bells 
Emblems 
Equestrian Polo 
Exerciser, Home 
Felt Letters 
Fencing Sticks 
Field Hockey 
Flags- 
College 

Foul, Base Ball 
Marking, Golf 
Foils, Fencing 
Foot Balls- 
Association 
College 
Rugby 
Glasses, Base 
Sun 
Automobile 



Ball 



Gloves^ 
Base Ball 
Boxing 
Cricket 
Fencing 
Foot Ball 
Golf 

Handball 
Hockey, Ice 
Glove Softener 
Goals — 
Basket Ball 
Foot Ball 
Hockey. Ice 
Golf Clubs 
Golf Counters 
Golfette 

Gymnasium, Home 
Gymnasium Board 
Hammers, Athletic 
Hats, University 
Head Harness 
Health Pull 
Hockey Sticks, Ice 
Hole Cutter, Golf 
Hole Rim, Golf 
Horse, Vaulting 
Hurdles, Safety 
Hurley Goods 
Indian Clubs 
Jackets- 
Fencing 
Foot Ball 
Javelins 
Jerseys 

Knee Protectors 
Lacrosse 
Lanes for Sprints 
Lawn Bowls 
Leg Guards- 
Base Ball 
Cricket 
Foot Ball 
Markers, Tennis 
Masks — 
Base Ball 
Fencing 

Nose [inal 

Masseur, A b d o m" 
Mattresses 
Megaphones 
Mitts- 
Base Ball 
Handball 
Striking Bag 
Moccasins 

Nets- 
Cricket 
Golf Driving 
Tennis 
Volley Ball 



Numbers, Compet- 
Pads— [itors' 

Chamois, Fencing 
Foot Ball 
Sliding, Base Ball 
Pants- 
Base Ball 
Basket Ball 
Foot Ball. College 
Foot Ball, Rugby 
Hockey, Ice 
Running 
Pennants, College 
Plates- 
Base Ball Shoe 
Home 

Marking. Tennis 
Pitchers' Box 
Pitchers' Toe 
Teeing, Golf 
Platforms, Striking 

Bag 
Poles- 
Vaulting 
Polo, Roller, Goods 
Posts- 
Backstop, Tennis 
Lawn Tennis 
Protectors — 
Abdomen 
Base Ball Body 
Eye Glass 
Push Ball 
Quoits 

Rackets, Tennis 
Rings- 
Exercising 
Swinging 
Rowing Machines 
Roque 
Sacks, for Sack 

Racing 
Score Board, Golf 
Score Books- 
Score Tablets, 
Shirts- 
Athletic 
Base Ball 
Shoes- 
Base Ball 
Basket Ball 
Bowling 
Clog 

Cross Country 
Cricket 

Fencing [ation 
Foot Ball, Associ- 
Foot Ball, College 
Foot Ball, Rugby 
Foot Ball, Soccer 
Golf 
Gymnasium 



Base 
[Ball 



Shoes- 
Jumping 
Running 
Skating 
Squash 
Tennis 
Shot- 
Athletic 
Indoor 
Massage 
Skates- 
Ice 
Roller 
Skis 

Sleeve, Pitchers 
Snow Shoes 
Squash Goods 
Straps- 
Base Ball 
For Three- 
Legged Race 
Skate 
Stockings 
Striking Bags 
Suits — 

Basket Ball 
Gymnasium 
Gymnasium, 

Ladies' 
Running 
Soccer 
Swimming 
Union Foot 
Ball 
Supporters 
Ankle 
Wrist 
Suspensories 
Sweaters 
Tether Tennis 
Tights — 
Full 

Wrestling 
Knee 
Toboggans 
Trapeze 
Trunks- 
Bathing 
Velvet 
Worsted 
Umpire Indica- 
Uniforms [tor 
Wands, Calis- 

thenic 
Watches, Stop 
Water Wings 
Weights, 56-lb. 
Whitely Exer- 
cisers 
Wrestling 
Equipment 



LIBRftRY OF CONGRESS 



Standard 




005 900 285 5 % 



A Standard Quality must be inseparably linked to a Standard Policy. 

Without a definite and Standard Mercantile Policy, it is impossible for a manufacturer to long 
maintain a Standard Quality. 

To market his goods through the jobber, a manufacturer must provide a profit for the jobber as 
well as the retail dealer. To meet these conditions of Dual Profits, the manufacturer is obliged to 
set a proportionately high list price on his goods to the consumer. 

To enable the glib salesman, when booking his orders, to figure out attractive profits to both the 
jobber and retailer, these high list prices are absolutely essential; but their real purpose will have been 
served when the manufacturer has secured his order from the jobber, and the jobber has secured his 
order from the retailer. 

However, these deceptive high list prices are not fair to the consumer, who does not. and, in 
reality, is not ever expected to pay these fancy list prices. 

When the season opens for the sale of such goods, with their misleading but alluring high list 
prices, the retailer begins to realize his responsibilities, and grapples with the situation as best he 
can, by offering "special discounts," which vary with local trade conditions. 

Under this system of merchandising, the profits to both the manufacturer and the jobber are 
assured; but as there is no stability maintained in the prices to the consumer, the keen competition 
amongst the local dealers invariably leads to a demoralized cutting of prices by which the profits of 
the retailer are practically eliminated. 

This demoralization always reacts on the manufacturer. The jobber insists on lower, and still 
lower, prices. The manufacturer in his turn, meets this demand for the lowering of prices by the 
only way open to him, viz. : the cheapening and degrading of the quality of his product 

The foregoing conditions became so intolerable that, ten years ago. in 1899, A. G. Spalding 
A Bros, determined to rectify this demoralization in the Athletic Goods Trade, and inaugurated what 
has since become known as "The Spalding Policy." 

The "Spalding Policy" eliminates the jobber entirely, so far as Spalding Goods are concerned, 
and the retail dealer secures his supply of Spalding Athletic Goods direct from the manufacturer 
under a restricted retail price arrangement by which the retail dealer is assured a fair, legitimate and 
certain profit on all Spalding Athletic Goods, and the consumer is assured a Standard Quality and is 
protected from imposition. 

The "Spalding Policy" is decidedly for the interest and protection of the users of Athletic Goods, 
and acts in two ways: 

First— The user is assured of genuine Ofl^cial Standard Athletic Goods, and 

the same fixed prices to everybody 
Second— As manufacturers, we can proceed with confidence in purchasing at 
the proper time, the very best raw materials required in the manufacture 
of our various goods, well ahead of their respective seasons, and this enables 
us to provide the necessary quantity and absolutely maintain the Spalding 
Standard of Quality. 
All retail dealers handling Spalding Athletic'^Goods are required to supply consumers at our 
regular printed catalogue prices— neither more nor less— the same prices that similar goods are sold 
for in our New York, Chicago and other stores. 

All Spalding dealers, as well as users of Spalding Athletic Goods, are treated exactly alike, and no 
special rebates or discriminations are allowed to anyone. 

Positively, nobody; not even officers, managers, salesmen or other employes of A. G. Spalding 
& Bros., or any of their relatives or personal friends, can buy Spalding Athletic Goods at a discount 
from the regular catalogue prices. 

This, briefly, is the "Spalding Policy," which has already been in successful operation for the 
past ten years, and will be indefinitely continued. 

In other words, " The Spalding Policy " is a "square deal " for everybody. 

* A. G. SPALDING & BROS. 



By (Z^.iJfi.a^^aC^, 

putiourr. ^^ 



